Light emitting diodes (LEDs) and SSL (solid state lighting) are relatively new light sources, but are already widely applied for outdoor lighting. Despite this, there is little available information allowing planners and designers to evaluate and weigh different sustainability aspects of LED/SSL lighting when making decisions. Based on a literature review, this paper proposes a framework of sus...

The adoption of energy efficiency measures in building codes places constraints on lighting designers that they fear will reduce the quality of the lit environment. This experiment was designed to test the hypothesis that lighting quality, as understood by lighting designers, affects the task performance, mood, comfort, health, and aesthetic judgements of office workers. Nine lighting systems w...

Subsurface scattering and light transport in volumetric media are critical to achieve a realistic depiction of a material. We describe several analytical approximations and methods for volumetric light transport in media of various optical properties that are efficient and easy to compute. Most natural materials exhibit a sudden surge in brightness called the opposition effect around the zero p...

In order to find out appropriate lighting levels to create safe nighttime street environments, the nature of the relationships between pedestrian behaviour and lighting (illuminance) levels was explored using the PAMELA facility at University College London. The behaviour examined was the avoidance of collision with another pedestrian or an obstacle, and the facial recognition distance and the ...

Day lighting is one of the important qualitative factors in housing, which is also effective on health and well-being of occupants. Extensive glass surfaces and Transparency in building facades provides good daylight quantity for interior spaces. However, this lighting system is not appropriate for climates faced with higher sunlight radiation (Such as hot-humid areas), due to overheating and d...

Although lighting systems powered by Photovoltaic (PV) cells have existed for many years, they are not widely used, especially in lighting for buildings, due to their high initial cost and low conversion efficiency. One of the technical challenges facing PV powered lighting systems has been how to use dc power generated by the PV module to energize common light sources that are designed to oper...

This paper presents an extensive analysis of the operating principles, theoretical background, advantages and limitations of laser-based lighting systems. In the first part of the paper we discuss the main advantages and issues of laser-based lighting, and present a comparison with conventional LED-lighting technology. In the second part of the paper, we present original experimental data on th...