Life cycle assessment (LCA) and life costing (LCC) are innovative tools based on an approach allowing to investigate the environmental economic burdens of a product or service throughout its lifecycle. Although usually carried out individually, their integration in comprehensive analysis could provide substantial asset every kind decision-making procedures. In this study, sustainability newly d...

Buildings are accountable for much of the resource consumption and CO2 emissions generated from human activities. Nonetheless, focus building life cycle assessment (LCA) studies to evaluate environmental footprint more commonly adopted in an attributional approach. Nevertheless, understanding a direct indirect consequences larger system using consequential approach is also needed policy-making....

The purpose of this study was to apply new methods econometric models the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) physical assets, by integrating investments such as maintenance, technology, sustainability, and technological upgrades, propose a means evaluate Investment (LCI), with emphasis on sustainability. Sustainability is recurrent theme existing studies will be concern in coming decades. As result, e...

Introduction Dissolution is a characterization test commonly used by the pharmaceutical industry to guide formulation design and control product quality. Often, it is a required performance test for solid dosage forms,transdermal patches,and suspensions. It is also the only test that measures the rate of in vitro drug release as a function of time, which can reflect either reproducibility of th...

Abstract In this study, a Life Cycle Cost (LCC) is integrated within life cycle assessment (LCA) model to comprehensively evaluate the energy, environment, and economic impacts of Jatropha biodiesel production in China. The total energy consumption producing 1 ton 17566.16 MJ, which fertilizer utilization methanol consume 78.14% 18.65% overall consumption, respectively. emits number pollutants,...

We describe a method for the specification and verification of the dynamic behaviour of component systems. Building applications using a component framework allows the developers to specify the architecture, the deployment, the life-cycle of the system with well-defined formalisms, and to gain productivity by reusing existing components. But then one wants to make sure that the application buil...