Model calculations are performed of extensive air shower (EAS) component energies using a variety of hadronic interaction parameters. A conversion factor from electromagnetic component energy to the energy of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) and its model and primary mass dependence is studied. It is shown that model dependence of the factor minimizes under the necessary condition of the ...

We propose an alternative mechanism for intracellular cargo transport which results from motor-induced longitudinal fluctuations of cytoskeletal microtubules (MTs). The longitudinal fluctuations combined with transient cargo binding to the MTs lead to long-range transport even for cargos and vesicles having no molecular motors on them. The proposed transport mechanism, which we call “hitchhikin...

This paper develops a theoretical model to help answer the following question— what influences an individual’s opinions regarding the right to privacy of others (individuals, organizations, and governments)? This question is particularly relevant for organizations and governments, for whom insider threats to corporate or government privacy present a dangerous risk. We draw from three bases of l...

Automatically generating text to accompany information graphics Mary Ellen Foster Master of Science Graduate Department of Computer Science University of Toronto 1999 Generally, when quantitative information is to be presented, some form of graphical presentation is used, often with a textual caption to ensure that the audience notices particular aspects of the data. This thesis presents the pr...

http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/315/5820/1817 version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/315/5820/1817/DC1 can be found at: Supporting Online Material found at: can be related to this article A list of selected additional articles on the Science Web sites http:/...

www.sciencemag.org (this information is current as of November 20, 2006 ): The following resources related to this article are available online at http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/309/5731/121 version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/309/5731/121/DC1 can be fou...

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When Jerusalem fell in the Battle of Hattin in 1187, a drastic shift occurred in Crusading mentality that had repercussions throughout Europe. Since the call of the First Crusade in 1095 by Pope Urban II, the fundamental motivator and goal of the movement was Jerusalem.AcrossWestern Europe, mobilization occurred in kings and peasants alike. Enthusiasm swept through the classes, leading to massi...

This article focuses on culture and rule of law in Indonesia, which provides an excellent case study in colonialism and post-colonialism. The colonial heritage of the Indonesian islands goes back to the early 1500s and lasted for approximately four centuries (Schultz 2002:144145) until independence was declared in August 1945 (GoGwilt 1996: 158). This Earth of Mankind by Pramoedya Ananta Toer i...

This piece examines situations in which judges are called upon to develop and modify the common law. By reference to a number of recent developments in the United Kingdom and Australia, namely the law of evidence and common law privilege, the right to privacy, and causation in the tort of negligence, the author elucidates the manner and extent to which judges have and are able to develop the la...