Vegetation can signiˆcantly contribute to stabilise sloping terrain by reinforcing the soil: this reinforcement depends on the morphological characteristics of the root systems and the tensile strength of single roots. This paper describes an investigation on the reinforcing eŠect of soil-root matrix in the laboratory using a modiˆed large shear box apparatus (300 mm×300 mm). Four diŠerent spec...

Field studies were conducted on the application of Leucaena leucocephala leaf extracts as an alternative to carbofuran a synthetic nematicide, while possible residues in tomato fruits also analysed. Acetone, methanol and petroleum ether fractions leaves L. applied at 200 mg/mL variants 100 mL, 150 mL naturally nematode infested field. Comparison was made with insecticide nematicide. Samples fro...

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) can establish symbiotic associations with several Rhizobium species; however, the effectiveness of most strains at fixing nitrogen under field conditions is very low. PRF 81(T) is a very effective strain, usually referred to as Rhizobium tropici and used successfully in thousands of doses of commercial inoculants for the common bean crop in Brazil; it has sho...

Phyllanthus niruri is widely used in Indonesia as immunostimulant. The morphology of Leucaena leucocephala leaves similar to that P. leaves. L. easy find and collect because it distributed the world. Therefore, likely could be adulterated with leucocephala. identification authentication important ensure raw materials are original without any substitution or mixture other plants causing inconsis...

Thirty Angora (16+/-2kg initial body weight) and 20 Spanish doelings (19+/-2kg initial body weight), approximately 8 months of age, were used in an 10 week experiment to evaluate effects of dietary level of Leucaena leucocephala on body weight (BW) gain and fiber growth. The control diet (CS) included 9% dry matter (DM) of formaldehyde-treated casein; other diets consisted of 15, 30, 45 or 60% ...

Water droplets on rugged hydrophobic surfaces typically exhibit one of the following two states: (i) the Wenzel state [Wenzel RN (1936) Ind Eng Chem 28:988-994] in which water droplets are in full contact with the rugged surface (referred as the wetted contact) or (ii) the Cassie state [Cassie, ABD, Baxter S (1944) Trans Faraday Soc 40:546-551] in which water droplets are in contact with peaks ...

A droplet deposited or impacting on a superhydrophobic surface rolls off easily, leaving the surface dry and clean. This remarkable property is due to a surface structure that favors the entrainment of air cushions beneath the drop, leading to the so-called Cassie state. The Cassie state competes with the Wenzel (impaled) state, in which the liquid fully wets the substrate. To use superhydropho...

We study theoretically the force of adhesion of pinned liquid drops in contact with supersolvophobic surfaces. We develop a method to calculate the contact and excess surface areas vs compression of the drops against surfaces characterized by an effective interfacial energy in the Cassie-Baxter wetting regime. We find that a 9° difference in contact angle can increase the force of adhesion by a...

Recipients: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study Pearlie P. Chong, MD; Cassie C. Kennedy, MD; Matthew A. Hathcock, MS; Walter K. Kremers, PhD; Raymund R. Razonable, MD; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics...

We report the remarkable transformation of a superhydrophobic surface of multiwalled carbon nanotubes after chemical manipulation (functionalization, especially by ozonolysis), which leads to a pinning action and eventually hydrophilic behavior, upon the application of an electric field. The effect of droplet pinning on a hydrophobic surface is an indication of the Wenzel formalism, where it is...