in this article, the author studies the history of pluralism in the west and islamic world. then he has a look on the scopes and applications of pluralism and gives a new classification for it: 1- behavioral pluralism 2- cognitive pluralism he extends his philosophical thoughts and offers a novel point of view on this topic.

This Article proposes court pluralism as a new theory for analyzing the role of the justice system in addressing domestic violence. It argues that a systemic view of the justice system is essential to developing coherent reform strategies, and lays out the foundation for taking into account the unique functions of civil and criminal justice in domestic violence cases. In doing so, the Article c...

This article explores several ethnographies (both academic and para-academic) of Afghanistan’s traditional justice (jirgas shuras) in order to illuminate contrasts their conceptual approaches at different periods the country’s history. In this genealogy we identify ethnographic observations levels which various sociolegal authorities operate often elude standard international ontology. The take...