Twice-daily mixing heights, one morning and one afternoon were calculated by using the computational program MIXHTS. MIXHTS utilizes the meteorological data collected from the King Khalid International Airport (KKIA) surface and upper air stations in Riyadh city during the year 2002. Climatic data shows that the city of Riyadh has in general, a hot and dry weather in summer and cold and dry in ...

Rapid climatic shifts across the last glacial to Holocene transition are pervasive feature of the North Atlantic as well as low latitude proxy archives. Our decadal to centennial scale record of summer monsoon proxy Globigerina bulloides from rapidly accumulating sediments from Hole 723A, Arabian Sea shows two distinct intervals of weak summer monsoon wind coinciding with cold periods within Ål...

A regional air quality simulation framework including the Weather Research and Forecasting modeling system (WRF), the Community Multi-scale Air Quality modeling system (CMAQ), and precursor emissions to simulate tropospheric ozone over South and East Asia is introduced. Concentrations of tropospheric ozone and related species simulated by the framework are validated by comparing with observatio...

A comprehensive mathematical model based on the discrete particle model and computational fluid dynamics was utilized to investigate mixing and segregation of particles in fluidized beds at high pressure. To quantify the extent of mixing in the bed, the Lacey mixing index was used. Simulations were carried out with different mass fractions of small particles at various pressures ranging from 1 ...

Tropospheric delay caused by spatiotemporal variations in pressure, temperature, and humidity in the lower troposphere remains one of the major challenges in Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) deformation monitoring applications. Acquiring an acceptable level of accuracy (millimeter-level) for small amplitude surface displacement is difficult without proper delay estimation. Tropo...

Atmospheric weighted mean temperature (Tm) is a key parameter used by the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) for calculating precipitable water vapor (PWV). Some empirical Tm models using meteorological or non-meteorological parameters have been proposed to calculate PWV, but their accuracy and reliability cannot be guaranteed in some regions. To validate determine optimal model PWV retr...

The presence of a low- to mid-latitude interhemispheric hydrologic seesaw is apparent over orbital and glacial-interglacial timescales, but its existence over the most recent past remains unclear. Here we investigate, based on climate proxy reconstructions from both hemispheres, the inter-hemispherical phasing of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and the low- to mid-latitude teleconnect...

in this paper a practical method for tropospheric effects on gps derived coordinates in absolute mode is presented. gps observations at the permanent gps stations can be used as source of information for the modeling. the developed model is a time-dependent model and as such differs from usual tropospheric models, which are based on atmospheric parameters, i.e. temperature, pressure and humidit...