laser irradiation has been suggested as an adjunct to traditional caries prevention methods. but little is known about the cariostatic effect of diode laser and most studies available are on permanent teeth.the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of diode laser irradiation combined with topical fluoride on enamel surface microhardness.forty-five primary teeth were used in...

The boronizing of a tungsten heavy alloy containing Ni and Fe as the major alloying elements were performed in the present study to increase its surface hardening. Pack cementation method was employed as a well-known, successful solid-state process for boronizing. The coating treatment was accomplished at different temperatures of 1000, 1050 and 1100°C for 6 and 9 hours. The formation of tu...

The friction and wear behaviors of a Fe-19Cr-15Mn-0.66N high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel (HNSS) were investigated. Tribological investigations carried out under different applied loads 5 N, 10 15 20 N. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) laser scanning confocal (LSCM) used to understand the mechanisms reasons for improved resistance. lower coefficient resistance observed with increase in...

Background and Aim: Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation has been suggested as an effective method of cavity preparation and surface treatment to enhance the bond strength. The aim of this study was to assess the microshear bond strength of Fuji II LC glass ionomer (GI) cement to primary dentin following bur preparation and Er,Cr:YSGG irradiation. Materials and Methods: This in vitro, experimental stu...

We have studied the dependence of characteristics, strength and plasticity, as well microhardness specimens made corrosion-resistant steel 40X13 on modes laser surface hardening by a fiber laser. Depending size scanning spot speed, 3–5 tracks were applied opposite planes sample with overall dimensions 20 × 200 mm. Samples tested for static fracture material samples was in terms depth changed st...

Background and Aim: Bonding of zirconia to resin cement is challenging, and the zirconia surface requires surface treatment to yield an acceptable bond strength. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different surface treatments on the bond strength of zirconia to a resin cement. Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro experimental study, 60 zirconia discs measuring 12 mm in diameter an...

Inconel 718, a high-temperature alloy, is a promising material for high-performance aerospace gas turbine engines components. However, the machining of the alloy is difficult owing to immense shear strength, rapid work hardening rate during turning, and less thermal conductivity. Hence, like ceramics and composites, the machining of this alloy is considered as difficult-to-turn materials. Laser...

Micro-channels are made over the Ag+/Na+ ion-exchanged soda-lime glass surface by interaction of an intense Ar+ laser beam and the silver ions inside the glass matrix. The Ar+ laser beam reduces the Ag+ ions inside the matrix. The Ag+ atoms aggregate into silver nano-clusters around the interaction area, inside the glass matrix. Aggregation of the silver atoms and the thermal effects of the int...

This work studied the effect of additions of carbon dioxide to argon shielding gas on the weld shape and microstructure of ST14 steel in pulsed Nd: YAG laser welding. By additions of carbon dioxide up to 15%,the weld area and depth/width ratio decreases while rising of carbon dioxide up to 25% causes increasing of weld area and depth/width ratio. It is observed that the weld metal microstructur...