BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Dynamics of cryogen spray deposition, water condensation and frost formation is studied in relationship to cooling rate and efficiency of cryogen spray cooling (CSC) in combination with laser dermatologic surgery. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS A high-speed video camera was used to image the surface of human skin during and after CSC using a commercial device. The...

Nanocomposite materials, including noble metal nanoparticles embedded in a dielectric host medium, are interesting because of their optical properties linked to surface plasmon resonance phenomena. For studding of nonlinear optical properties and/or energy transfer process, these materials may be excited by ultrashort pulse laser with a temporal width varying from some femtoseconds to some hund...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Despite application of cryogen spray (CS) precooling, customary treatment of port wine stain (PWS) birthmarks with a single laser pulse does not result in complete lesion blanching for a majority of patients. One obvious reason is nonselective absorption by epidermal melanin, which limits the maximal safe radiant exposure. Another possible reason for treatment failure i...

introduction:  laser  interstitial  thermotherapy  (litt)  is  an  internal  ablation  therapy  method  consisting of a percutaneous or intraoperative insertion of laser fibers directly into the liver tumor with  maximum diameter of 5 cm. in this treatment method, there isn’t any general information about the  relationship  between  increasing  the  exposure  power,  coagulation  and  carboniza...

The efficient cooling of nanomechanical resonators is essential to exploration of quantum properties of the macroscopic or mesoscopic systems. We propose such a laser-cooling scheme for a nanomechanical cantilever, which works even for the low-frequency mechanical mode and under weak cooling lasers. The cantilever is coupled by a diamond nitrogen-vacancy center under a strong magnetic field gra...

In 1978, while I was a postdoctoral fellow at MIT, I read a paper by Art Ashkin (1978) in which he described how one might slow down an atomic beam of sodium using the radiation pressure of a laser beam tuned to an atomic resonance. After being slowed, the atoms would be captured in a trap consisting of focused laser beams, with the atomic motion being damped until the temperature of the atoms ...

nanocomposite materials, including noble metal nanoparticles embedded in a dielectric host medium, are interesting because of their optical properties linked to surface plasmon resonance phenomena. for studding of nonlinear optical properties and/or energy transfer process, these materials may be excited by ultrashort pulse laser with a temporal width varying from some femtoseconds to some hund...

BACKGROUND Ablative skin resurfacing with carbon dioxide (CO(2)) and erbium:YAG lasers is still considered the gold standard for treating rhytides, photodamage, and acne scars. However, the prolonged downtime and undesired concomitant effects that are involved have sent dermatologists looking for less invasive nonablative laser techniques to rejuvenate skin. OBJECTIVE To combine cold-air cool...

A Fe₃Al intermetallic alloy has been successfully prepared by the laser-engineered net shaping (LENS) process. The applied process parameters were selected to provide various cooling rates during the solidification of the laser-melted material. The macro- and microstructure and the micro- and macrotexture of Fe₃Al samples were investigated. The influence of the cooling rate on grain morphology ...

Background/Objectives: Similar to conventional cryogen spray cooling, carbon dioxide (CO2) spray may be used in combination with laser cartilage reshaping (LCR) to produce cartilage shape change while minimizing cutaneous thermal injury. Recent ex vivo evaluation of LCR with CO2 cooling in a rabbit model has identified a promising initial parameter space for in vivo safety and efficacy evaluati...