The synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots-like nanostructures (CNDs) obtained through the laser ablation of a carbon solid target in liquid environment is reported. The ablation process was induced in acetone with laser pulses of 1064, 532, and 355 nm under different irradiation times. Close-spherical amorphous CNDs with sizes between 5 and 20 nm, whose abundance strongly depends on the ablation...

Dermal tissue ablation and layer-separation with minimal thermal damage to the surrounding tissue via an ultra-short pulsed (USP) laser has been investigated. At first, a parametric study for wet tissue surface line ablation was investigated. The line features were measured by both microscope and scanning electron microscopy. The dermis ablation threshold and the incubation factor were determin...

Using a novel alternating target laser ablation deposition technique, Mn cations were placed in specific interstitial sites of BaFe12O19 thin films as opposed to being distributed throughout the unit cell as in conventional bulk materials. The distribution of Mn cations has been confirmed experimentally and predicted theoretically. As a result of site selection, the saturation magnetization inc...

Focusing of multimodal beams by chains of dielectric microspheres assembled directly inside the cores of hollow waveguides is studied by using numerical ray tracing. The device designs are optimized for laser surgery in contact mode with strongly absorbing tissue. By analyzing a broad range of parameters it is demonstrated that chains formed by three or five spheres with a refractive index of 1...

Histidine is an important natural amino acid, involved in many relevant biological processes, which, because of its physical properties, proved difficult to characterize experimentally in its neutral form. In this work, neutral histidine has been generated in the gas phase by laser ablation of solid samples and its N(ε)H tautomeric form unraveled through its rotational spectrum. The quadrupole ...

PURPOSE To use histological techniques to assess and compare the ablation depth, local damage, and surface quality of corneal ablations by a Q-switched Er:YAG laser, an optical parametric oscillator laser at 2.94 microm, a long pulse Er:YAG laser, and a 193-nm excimer laser. METHODS Human cadaver eyes and in vivo cat eyes were treated with a 6.0-mm diameter, 30-microm-deep phototherapeutic ke...

Infrared free-electron lasers ablate tissue with high efficiency and low collateral damage when tuned to the 6-microm range. This wavelength-dependence has been hypothesized to arise from a multi-step process following differential absorption by tissue water and proteins. Here, we test this hypothesis at wavelengths for which cornea has matching overall absorption, but drastically different dif...

The metal-tipped optical fiber or "laser probe" has been extensively studied in animal preparations in vivo and in human clinical trials of revascularization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the thermal characteristics of laser probe tissue ablation and to contrast the vascular tissue response to exposure to the laser probe and bare optical fiber. A 2 mm laser probe was heated with up to ...

The purpose of this review is to showcase the present capabilities of ambient sampling and ionisation technologies for the analysis of polymers and polymer additives by mass spectrometry (MS) while simultaneously highlighting their advantages and limitations in a critical fashion. To qualify as an ambient ionisation technique, the method must be able to probe the surface of solid or liquid samp...