For sessile marine invertebrates, processes contributing to larval release, dispersal, and settlement in favourable habitats are central to patterns of distribution and community structure. We quantified larval release patterns, phototactic behaviour, and settlement in response to environmental cues for the coral reef sponge Luffariella variabilis. Individual sponges released up to 830 larvae d...

چکیده بر اساس مطالعات انجام شده در فصول زراعی 1386 و 1387، بعضی از جنبه های زیستی کرم ساقه خوار برنج (chilo suppressalis walker) شامل تعداد سنین لاروی و طول دوره ی رشد و نمو مراحل مختلف زیستی در دو نسل در منطقه ی مازندران بررسی شد. نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که تعداد سنین لاروی کرم ساقه خوار برنج در نسل های اول و دوم متفاوت می باشد، به طوری که این حشره در نسل اول دارای 6 و در نسل دوم دارای 5 سن ...

In the mouse, infection with Schistosoma mansoni results in an egg-producing infection and associated disease, whereas vaccination with attenuated larval stages produces a substantial and specific immunity in the absence of egg-induced pathology. Preliminary data showing enhanced interleukin-5 (IL-5) production by T cells from infected mice and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) synthesis by cells fr...

Five kinds of monoclonal antibodies that are specific for the epidermis of Xenopus embryos were produced. Epidermis-specific antibodies were used to investigate the spatial and temporal expressions of epidermal antigens during embryonic and larval development. The cells that were recognized by the antibodies at the larval stage are as follows: all of the outer epidermal cells and cement gland c...

Taenia pisiformis larvae cause significant health problems to rabbits. At present, it is not known whether the recombinant antigen from the T. pisiformis oncosphere is able to confer protective immunity against T. pisiformis larval infection. The full-length cDNA was cloned into a pET32a (+) vector, and the recombinant protein was then expressed in BL21 (DE3) cells. Vaccination with the purifie...

searching efficiency (a') (attack rate) and handling time are two major components of natural enemies’ functional response and are usually used to evaluate their effectiveness. the age-specific searching efficiency of aphidoletes aphidimyza (rondani) was studied during its larval stage. the experiment was conducted in terms of age-specific functional response to the varying density (5, 1...

leptospirosis is one of the most prevalent zoonotic diseases worldwide. currently, multivalent whole-cell leptospiral vaccines can induce protection against leptospirosis. therefore, preparation and formulation of new generations of vaccines that can stimulate long-term immunity for leptospirosis control are essential. the aim of this study was to prepare and characterize alginate microspheres ...