First, we briefly review the atmospheric chemistry and previous intercomparison measurements for HCHO, with special reference to the diffusion scrubber Hantzsch reaction based fluorescence instrument used in the field studies reported herein. Then we discuss summertime HCHO levels in five major U.S. cities measured over 1999-2002, primarily from ground-based measurements. Land-sea breeze circul...

The mesoscale circulation along the west shore of Spitsbergen is largely controlled by difference in temperature between glaciers and surface sea temperatures. We describe how effect influences atmospheric patterns. conducted research was based on reanalysis data, model measurements; wind data from different sources scales were compared analysed. discuss situations wherein can be identified ana...

The conversion of natural habitat to urban settlements is a primary driver of biodiversity loss, and species' persistence is threatened by the extent, location, and spatial pattern of development. Urban growth models are widely used to anticipate future development and to inform conservation management, but the source of spatial input to these models may contribute to uncertainty in their predi...

The physical and biogeochemical functioning of eastern boundary upwelling systems is generally understood within the context - relaxation cycle, driven by sub-diurnal wind variability (i.e. with a time-scale greater than day). Here, we employ realistically configured validated 3D model southern Benguela system to quantify impact super-diurnal winds associated land-sea breeze (LSB). ocean respon...