Emergence of lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major concern in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and HBV coinfected patients. Following selection of resistant mutants, hepatitis flare or rapid progression to cirrhosis may occur. Treatment of patients with new nucleotide analogues such as adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) has shown good efficacy in...

IMPORTANCE Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation is a serious complication for patients with lymphoma treated with rituximab-containing chemotherapies, despite lamivudine prophylaxis treatment. An optimal prophylactic antiviral protocol has not been determined. OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of entecavir and lamivudine in preventing HBV reactivation in patients seropositive for the hepatiti...

Cisplatin is commonly used as a chemotherapeutic agent for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, it cannot satisfactorily improve the survival rate for patients with advanced HCC due to intrinsic or acquired drug resistance caused by multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs). To clarify whether or not glycyrrhizin and lamivudine have modulator effects on HCC treated with cisplatin, we ...

BACKGROUND Complex mutants can be selected under sequential selective pressure by HBV therapy. To determine hepatitis B virus genomic evolution during antiviral therapy we characterized the HBV quasi-species in a patient who did no respond to therapy following lamivudine breakthrough for a period of 14 years. CASE PRESENTATION The polymerase and precore/core genes were amplified and sequenced...

BACKGROUND Sub-Saharan Africa carries a high burden of co-infection with HIV-1 and hepatitis B virus (HBV). In this region, individuals with HIV-1/HBV co-infection on antiretroviral therapy (ART) frequently receive lamivudine as the only agent active against HBV, raising concerns for development of HBV resistance to lamivudine. We aimed to determine the prevalence, clinical, and virologic outco...

Despite the recent approval of lamivudine for the treatment of children with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, there is insufficient information on the kinetics of HBV clearance and the factors that predict a favorable treatment response to lamivudine in this population. In a small retrospective study of 16 HBV-infected children treated with lamivudine, we examined changes in virus loa...

Mutations associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) resistance to lamivudine have not been extensively addressed in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-HBV coinfection. We have studied the HBV polymerase sequences from nine coinfected patients who experienced HBV recurrence while under lamivudine treatment. In seven of these nine patients, Met(550), belonging to the highly conserved YMDD motif, wa...

SEVERAL OPTIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF HEPATITIS B HAVE BEEN LICENSED IN THE LAST YEARS: interferon, pegylated interferon, lamivudine, adefovir, entecavir, and telbivudine. In addition tenofovir has been licensed in the EU and is expected to be licensed in the USA in 2008. The antivirals can be divided into "lamivudine-like" and "adefovir-like", which clinically differ in their capacity to induce...

The use of hepatitis B immune globulins (HBIG) revolutionized liver transplantation for hepatitis B. In the landmark paper by Samuel et al. in 1993, recurrence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection 3 years after liver transplantation was reduced from 75% in patients who received no HBIG to 36% in those who received HBIG for at least 6 months.1 However, the benefit of HBIG was mainly seen in pati...