The Paris Commune was the apotheosis of what unfolded in 1848 European Revolutions, first time working class actually took political power, although briefly. Frederick Douglass covered events closely his newspaper, New National Era. Douglass’s views on Commune, as yet unexplored detail by scholars, illuminate relationship to democratic and social movements both abroad United States. This essay ...

Knowing the locations and spatio-temporal paths of individual mice is an essential prerequisite for behavioral analysis of large groups of laboratory mice. Traditional observations have been carried out by trained humans who are able to distinguish more than fifty behavioral patterns. This is a tedious labor limited with respect to observation length. In this paper we propose a tracking solutio...

Althusser’s pioneering concept of “ideological state apparatuses” is extended to the unique role of consumerism as a particular ideology enabling and supporting U.S. capitalism. It is argued that rising levels of worker consumption have functioned effectively to compensate workers for (and thereby allow) rising rates of exploitation and their negative social effects. For such compensation to su...

We present a picture of the labor market, one with large flows of jobs and workers, and matching. We develop a consistent approach to the interaction among those flows and the stocks of unemployed workers and vacant jobs, and to the determination of wages. We estimate the matching function, using both aggregate data and data from manufacturing and find evidence of a stable matching process in t...

Does import competition alter the extent to which employers, after negotiating workers’ wages upon hire, subsequently shield those wages from external labor-market conditions? If increased competition induces a switch away from these wage implicit agreements, then (1) the sensitivity of workers’ wages to the current unemployment rate should increase as competition increases and (2) the sensitiv...

4 Countries with greater inequality typically exhibit less support for redistribution and greater 5 acceptance of inequality (e.g., US versus Western Europe). If individual nations evolve along this 6 pattern, a vicious cycle could form with reduced social concern amplifying primal increases in 7 inequality. Exploring movements around these long-term levels, however, this study finds mixed 8 ev...

The rotator cuff provides dynamic stability and is critical to normal shoulder function. Forces generated by the rotator cuff facilitate the motions involved in activities of daily living and the more demanding movements of athletics and manual labor. Injury and pathology of the rotator cuff are common and the unique anatomical and biomechanical characteristics of the cuff contribute to the eti...

The article investigates the properties of the occupational mobility network (OMN) in 12 EU countries. Using REFLEX database we construct for each country an empirical OMN that reflects the job movements of the university graduates, during the first five years after graduation (1999 2005). The nodes are represented by the occupations coded at 3 digits according to ISCO-88 and the links are weig...

This paper develops a general equilibrium model with putty-clay technology, investment irreversibility, and variable capacity utilization. Low short-run capital-labor substitutability induces the putty-clay effect of a tight link between changes in capacity and movements in employment and output. Permanent shocks to technology or factor prices generate a hump-shaped response of hours, persisten...

This paper examines the hypothesis that short run changes in tne U.S. size distribution of personal income have been systematically related to aggregate levels of output~ personal income~ and employment during the posh7ar period. Part one proposes a procedure for describing the size distribution of income. The observed distribution is approximated by a displaced lognormal distribution vmich cor...