Numerous academic and industrial estimates place the cost of a future mass-produced small stationary fuel cell system at around $1,000 per kW, which compares well with targets set by agencies such as the US Department of Energy. Actual sale prices for domestic microgeneration systems do not fit so neatly with these targets, and are currently 30–50 times higher, even though mass production began...

As usual, denote by KW [a, b] the Sobolev class consisting of every function whose (r − 1)st derivative is absolutely continuous on the interval [a, b] and its rth derivative is bounded by K a.e. in [a, b]. For a function f ∈ KW [a, b], its values and derivatives up to r−1 order at a set of nodes x are known. These values are said to be given Hermite information. This work reports results on be...

References 1. Curry GR, White DN: Color coded ultrasonic differential velocity arterial scanner (Echoflow). Ultrasound Med Biol 4: 27-35, 1978 2. Barnes RW, Russell HE, Bone GE, Slaymaker EE: Doppler cere­ brovascular examination: Improved results with refinements in tech­ nique. Stroke 8: 468-71, 1977 3. Gee W, Mehigan JT, Wylie EJ: Measurement of collateral cerebral hemispheric blood pressure...

The development of telecom network and Internet provides effective ways for communication. As an important way in communication, Short Messaging Service (SMS) via both telecom network and Internet has played an increasing important role in daily life. However, it usually suffers from spam SMS that causes misunderstanding and cheat. The highly varying content, network environment make the identi...

Electrical de-icing consumes more power than is generally available from the generators. Therefore, electrical de-icing only becomes feasible, if the power is merely used during limited time intervals to melt the ice and separate it from the wing. The airflow then simply carries the ice away which avoids the need for further power to melt or even evaporate the ice totally. The ice slabs forming...

BACKGROUND Operative treatment of higher degree acromioclavicular joint luxation is common. A new option is made available by the tight rope technique. It claims to provide adequate outcome with the use of a minimally invasive technique. First clinical studies justified its medical use, but the equivalence to established surgical methods remains unclear. We therefore analyzed radiographic data ...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the level of agreement between common clinical foot classification measures. METHODS Static foot assessment was undertaken using the Foot Posture Index (FPI-6), rearfoot angle (RFA), medial longitudinal arch angle (MLAA) and navicular drop (ND) in 30 participants (29 ± 6 years, 1.72 ± 0.08 m, 75 ± 18 kg). The right foot was measured on two occ...

This paper describes a two-layer control and coordination framework for distributed energy resources. The lower layer is a real-time model predictive control (MPC) executed at 10 s resolution to achieve fine tuning of a given energy setpoint. The upper layer is a slower MPC coordination mechanism based on distributed optimization, and solved with the alternating direction method of multipliers ...

High participation rates by the public in authority projects are key in increasing resident recycling levels. Understanding waste separation behavior is crucial to achieving sustainable waste management within such household-based schemes. To identify the driving forces behind the seldom-discussed kitchen garbage separation behavior, five psychological factors, namely, attitude, perceived behav...

Phase change heat transfer is fundamentally important for thermal energy conversion and management, such as in electronics with power density over 1 kW/cm^2. The critical heat flux (CHF) of phase change heat transfer, either evaporation or boiling, is limited by vapor flux from the liquid-vapor interface, known as the upper limit of heat flux. This limit could in theory be greater than 1 kW/cm2...