Purpose Protecting a nation’s heritage is an essential element for sustainable development. Heritage attracts tourism and drives tourist income, as well bringing wider economic, social environmental benefits. This study aims to improve understanding of the relationship between protection spending in countries economic development via revenues logic Kuznets curve. Design/methodology/approach app...

China is the largest total pollution emitter country on globe and a vast literature has investigated environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis in China. Thus, we aim to review empirical studies testing of EKC using different proxies area samples The can be validated by establishing an inverted U-shaped or N-shaped relationship between economic growth. In this Chinese literature, validity fou...

The aim of the study is to explore various variables that lead Pakistan's environmental deterioration. impact macroeconomic factors deterioration investigated fulfill objective study. determinants on degradation from 1990 2020 was explored in this dependent variable Ecological Footprint, which used as a proxy for deterioration, whereas independent are Trade openness, Urbanization, foreign direc...