OBJECTIVE To generate community-based estimates of the public (paid by the government) and private (paid by households) costs of blood culture-confirmed typhoid fever in Hechi, China; North Jakarta, Indonesia; Kolkata, India; Karachi, Pakistan and Hue, Vietnam. METHODS To measure out-of-pocket costs of illness and lost earnings, families with culture-proven cases were surveyed 7, 14 and 90 da...

BACKGROUND Entamoeba histolytica infection is found almost all over the world and is highly endemic and a major cause of parasitic diarrhoea particularly in the developing countries. METHODS A systemic surveillance was set up at the Infectious Disease hospital, Kolkata, India between November 2007 and October 2009 for understanding the trend of E. histolytica infection in Kolkata. Fecal sampl...

A four year long research programme divided into four phases has been designed for the first time to assess the combined Noise-Air quality and combined exposure to Noise-Air pollution at the curbside open-air microenvironment of Kolkata city, India. The results and the findings of the different phases of study had already been published. The objective of the review work is to fuse the findings ...

This paper argues for normative visioning as an underdeveloped component of adaptation planning. Multi-stakeholder and approaches to future offer generative moments when creativity can meet the power act required critical, including transformative, adaptation. Including methods with community city actors in planning allows alternative narratives development arise a basis deeper conversation pot...

On March 16, 2020, Kolkata megacity in India announced partial lockdown due to COVID-19 crisis. This study presents an analysis for multiple pollutants with special focus on NO2 and O3 based data from different monitoring stations located across city the period 16 March- 17 May 2020 compared pre-lockdown period. Most significant reduction was observed concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (- ...

The national capital region of Delhi and Kolkata are the two metro cities in India worst affected by poor air quality. Multiple policies have been declared implemented city authority recent past with hope improving quality to attain ambient standard. This study assesses that these present can help reduce pollution as much 20% optimistic assessment, which may not be sufficient clean-air goal soo...

X iv :c on dm at /0 21 05 38 v1 [ co nd -m at .d is -n n] 2 4 O ct 2 00 2 An Ele tri al Network Model of Plant Intelligen e∗ Bikas K. Chakrabarti(1) and Omjyoti Dutta(2) (1)Saha Institute of Nu lear Physi s, 1/AF Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata-700064. (2)Ele tri al Engineering Dept. (4th Yr.), Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032. Abstra t A simple ele tri al network model, having logi al gate apa ities,...

The CLIA (Cross Lingual Information Access) Project is a mission mode project funded by Government of India, Ministry of Communications & Information Technology, Department of Information Technology vide its approval No. 14(5)/2006 – HCC (TDIL), Dated 29-08-2006. It is being executed by a consortium of 11 academic and research institutions and industry partners, IIT Bombay, IIT Kharagpur, IIIT ...

Since July 2002, bacteriologically confirmed shigellosis cases have increased, and multidrug-resistant Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 strains have reemerged in patients hospitalized with diarrhea in Kolkata, India. The isolated strains of S. dysenteriae 1 showed resistance to chloramphenicol (80%), ampicillin (100%), tetracycline (100%), co-trimoxazole (100%), nalidixic acid (100%), norfloxaci...