We describe several context-independent baselines for tackling the cross-lingual entity linking task. Our methods are quite basic, reducing to efficient look-ups in static, pre-computed tables. Despite their simplicity, however, such approaches scored well in a recent knowledgebase population competition. Moreover, these language-independent techniques still perform strongly on English entity l...

Temporal baselines are needed for biodiversity, in order for the change in biodiversity to be measured over time, the targets for biodiversity conservation to be defined and conservation progress to be evaluated. Limited biodiversity information is widely recognized as a major barrier for identifying temporal baselines, although a comprehensive quantitative assessment of this is lacking. Here, ...

Understanding how emergent ecological assemblages have diverged from natural states is fundamental in predicting future functioning and services of ecosystems. Coral reefs are particular concern due to their high susceptibility anthropogenic stressors. Yet, little known about pre-disturbance ranges states, most reports decline based on a limited number sites levels uncertainty. Here, we used no...

The objective of this study is to understand the response of Quercus suber seedlings to light and water, two limiting factors of their growth and survival in Mediterranean woody plants. Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to contrast the results from both types of experiments. At the greenhouse experiment, Quercus suber seedlings were grown at three treatments of light (3%, 27% and ...