OBJECTIVE The authors examined the separate and combined effects of methamphetamine dependence and HIV infection on brain morphology. METHOD Morphometric measures obtained from magnetic resonance imaging of methamphetamine-dependent and/or HIV-positive participants and their appropriate age- and education-matched comparison groups were analyzed. Main effects of age, HIV infection, methampheta...

Both lobeline and lobelane attenuate methamphetamine self-administration in rats by decreasing methamphetamine-induced dopamine release via interaction with vesicular monoamine transporter-2 (VMAT2). A novel derivative of nor-lobelane, cis-2,5-di-(2-phenethyl)-pyrrolidine hydrochloride (UKCP-110), and its trans-isomers, (2R,5R)-trans-di-(2-phenethyl)-pyrrolidine hydrochloride (UKCP-111) and (2S...

To the Editor: The frequency of methamphetamine use has alarmingly increased in Iran, as in many other countries in recent years.1 The most recent survey on drug abuse in Iran, performed a couple of years ago, showed that only a minority of the Iranian substance abusers (3.6%) used methamphetamine.2 However, in the past 2 years and with the local production of methamphetamine, its price has dro...

Background Isolation-reared mice show social encounter-induced hyperactivity with activation of prefrontal serotonergic and dopaminergic systems, but it is not known whether this stress response is observed in other pathological conditions. Here we examined whether the social encounter stimulation induces abnormal behavior during withdrawal in chronic methamphetamine-treated mice. Methods To ...

Our previous studies demonstrated that methamphetamine administered during gestation and lactation periods impairs maternal behavior, alters the functional development of rat pups and affects behavior in adulthood. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of prenatal methamphetamine exposure and cross-fostering on learning tested in Morris water maze (MWM) in adult male rats. Mothers ...

Psychotic symptoms and syndromes are frequently experienced among individuals who use methamphetamine, with recent estimates of up to approximately 40 % of users affected. Although transient in a large proportion of users, acute symptoms can include agitation, violence, and delusions, and may require management in an inpatient psychiatric or other crisis intervention setting. In a subset of ind...

Although intranasal methamphetamine abuse has increased, there are no published data investigating the residual effects of the drug under controlled conditions. Thus, the current study examined the residual effects of single-dose intranasal methamphetamine administration on a broad range of behavioral and physiological measures. Non-treatment seeking methamphetamine abusers (n=11) completed thi...

Methamphetamine intoxication can cause acute hepatic failure. Chlorogenic and caftaric acids are the major dietary polyphenols present in various foods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective role of chlorogenic and caftaric acids in liver toxicity and oxidative stress induced by methamphetamine in rats. Thirty-two male albino rats were divided into 4 equal groups. Group 1, which ...

Methamphetamine abuse is a serious global health problem, and no effective treatments for methamphetamine dependence have been developed. In animals, the addictive properties of methamphetamine are mediated via release of dopamine (DA) from nerve terminals in mesolimbic reward circuits. At the molecular level, methamphetamine promotes DA release by a nonexocytotic diffusion-exchange process inv...

Methamphetamine is a powerfully addictive stimulant that dramatically affects the central nervous system. The drug is made easily in clandestine laboratories with relatively inexpensive over-thecounter ingredients. These factors combine to make methamphetamine a drug with high potential for widespread abuse. The abuse of methamphetamine – a potent psychostimulant – is an extremely serious and g...