The rapid advances of information and communication technologies (or ICTs) and the mass online participation have increased the expectations for the long awaited visions of e-participation and e-democracy. However, there are still many challenges that need to be addressed related to privacy, data ownership and control, and various types of digital divides. Perhaps the most fundamental requireme...

Suppose that individual payo¤s depend on the network connecting them. Consider the following simultaneous move game of network formation: players announce independently the links they wish to form, and links are formed only under mutual consent. We provide necessary and su¢ cient conditions on the network link marginal payo¤s such that the set of pairwise stable, pairwise-Nash and proper equili...

There has been growing interest in the application of institutionalist perspectives in the health economics literature. This paper investigates the institutionalist notion of social value and its use in economic evaluation with particular reference to a program to address HIV/AIDS and gender violence in Southern Africa (IMAGE). Institutions are the rules that govern the conduct between individu...

Along with the development of technology and information age, new has emerged in form AR (Augment Reality) VR (Virtual Reality), namely 3D digital that exists Metaverse, so from this growth era can affect world economics, politics, education. Thus, Metaverse is proven to be effective efficient future learning strategies. besides that, Metavres an alternative, especially So mind, case study educ...