Geysers, which involve the explosive release of water through vertical shafts connected to a nearly horizontal pipeline, have been attributed to either pipeline surge or the release of air. Laboratory experiments involving the release of a large entrapped pocket of air through a surcharged vertical riser indicate that the air can force water upward in the shaft but that a jet such as seen in vi...

Although subterranean termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) foraging behavior involves the construction of gallery systems in soil, few studies have examined how colony size or soil environmental factors influence rates of construction and morphology of gallery systems. In this study, we investigated the effects of soil texture, soil moisture, and termite density on the rate of tunnel constructio...

We examine the ascent of volatile-rich basaltic magma through a vertical dike that intersects a horizontal tunnel of comparable cross-sectional area to the dike and located 300m below the surface and initially lled with air at atmospheric pressure. This process is a simpli ed representation of some aspects of the possible interaction of a basaltic ssure eruption with a man-made tunnel, as part ...

urban facilities are necessary components of cities. in all grown and developed cities of the world there are tremendous network of facilities such as water and electric ties, water sewage drainage, water piping and gas piping. that has not been installed in proper depth underground and locations and with growing of the cities and consumption of population. they need to be replaced by excavatin...

conveyance to us for transportation to the annual IADR meetings. It was old and drafty but we appreciated having the use of it. Anyway, I owe a very large debt of gratitude to such great friends as jack Hein, Wah Leung, Emmett Costich, and Dave Mitchell who kept me alive through those early meetings and also supplied me with the scholarly stimulus so typical to the Rochester group. I still reme...

A novel method for groundwater lowering, which can be applied at construction sites, for aquifer remediation measures or in open mining, is proposed. In contrast to conventional techniques, dewatering is achieved without water conveyance. In this paper the physical concept of the new technology, referred as single borehole pump & inject, is modeled using COMSOL Multiphysics. Two and three dimen...

a field experiment was carried out during 2001 in the experimental fields of sugar beet seed institute in karaj. the objective of this study was to determine the response of some quantitative and qualitative traits of three sugar beet lines subjected to continuous water stress and normal conditions. three sugar beet lines 7219-p.69, bp-karaj and 7112 as tolerant, semi tolerant and sensitive to ...

Chemical information conveyance between organisms has been well established for a wide range of organisms including protozoa, invertebrates, vertebrates and plant-parasitic plants. During the past 20 years, various studies have addressed whether chemical information conveyance also occurs between damaged and undamaged plants and many interesting pieces of evidence have been presented. To date, ...