Are clinical guidelines valid tools for evidencebased practice? The quality of guidelines varies widely, and they should be assessed on a case-bycase basis. This commentary points to some leading initiatives and resources for excellence in and access to guidelines. Major assessments of guidelines respectively published in peer-reviewed journals and issued by specialty societies raised serious c...

The unprecedented and long-lasting abnormal monsoon rainfall attacked Pakistan in the summer of 2022, causing severe flooding. This study investigated sub-seasonal characteristics mechanisms this distinctively extreme precipitation event. historical July August mainly occurred northern Pakistan. Both monthly 2022 during were far exceeding record involved unique spatial distribution. is nationwi...

Article history: Received 23 July 2008 Revised 18 August 2008 Accepted 19 August 2008 Available online 22 August 2008

This volume constitutes the twenty-first IJCAI conference. The locations and times of all twenty-one IJCAI conferences are as follows: 21 IJCAI-09: Pasadena, California, USA (July 11–17) 20 IJCAI-07: Hyderabad, India (January 6–12) 19 IJCAI-05: Edinburgh, Scotland (July 30–August 5) 18 IJCAI-03: Acapulco, Mexico (August 9–15) 17 IJCAI-01: Seattle, Washington, USA (August 4–10) 16 IJCAI-99: Stoc...

Background: The ”July effect” is a colloquialism asserting an increased rate of errors at the start of the academicyear in teaching hospitals. This retrospective population-based study evaluated for the presence of the July effect inperforming shoulder arthroplasty.Methods: Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample for 2002 through 2011, a total of 178,590 patients undergoingshoulder arthroplasty a...

In einer Reihe von Untersuchungen wird die philosophische Disziplin der Ontologie als Grundlage für die Informationsmodellierung verwendet. Aufbauend auf der Bunge-Ontologie wird in diesem Beitrag eine Vorgehensweise zur ontologischen Evaluierung von Referenzmodellen präsentiert und anhand des YCIM-Modells von Scheer exemplarisch angewendet.