BACKGROUND Poor perioperative glycemic control increases risk of infection, cardiovascular accidents and mortality in patients undergoing surgery. Tight glycemic control by insulin therapy is known to yield better outcomes in such patients. Intravenous (IV) insulin therapy with or without adjunctive subcutaneous insulin therapy is the mainstay of managing hyperglycemia in perioperative period. ...

Background. Carnitine deficiency may contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with hemodialysis (HD). Dyslipidemia plays a role in CVD and its prevalence is also high in HD patients. We examined here the effects of switching from oral administration (PO) to intravenous (IV) injection of L-carnitine on lipid metabolism in patients with HD. Methods. Nine HD patients who had received...

INTRODUCTION Prescribing intravenous (IV) fluid therapy is a core skill expected of qualified doctors at the point of graduation, but medical graduates often feel ill-equipped to perform this task. This lack of preparedness contributes to treatment-related patient harm. This scoping review maps the current state of published evidence about how junior doctors prescribe IV fluid therapy and learn...

BACKGROUND Carnitine deficiency may contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with hemodialysis (HD). Dyslipidemia plays a role in CVD and its prevalence is also high in HD patients. We examined here the effects of switching from oral administration (PO) to intravenous (IV) injection of l-carnitine on lipid metabolism in patients with HD. METHODS Nine HD patients who had received...

Emergency endarterectomy of an occluded internal carotid artery (ICA) has not been investigated as an option of rescue therapy for severe acute ischemic stroke in the era of intravenous (IV) thrombolysis treatment neither as a primary treatment nor after failed IV thrombolysis. Data from the pre-IV thrombolysis era are conflicting and therefore emergency endarterectomy has not been recommended....

Apolipoprotein (apo) A-IV is a protein component of triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins and high density lipoproteins (HDL). Plasma apo A-IV levels were measured by immunoelectrophoresis and these values were related to other biological variables in 723 middle aged and elderly men and women (more than 90% of them were Caucasian) prior to participation in a lifestyle modification program. Apo A-...

objective refractory convulsive status epilepticus (se) which does not respond to first line drugs (benzodiazepines, phenytoin and phenobarbital) heralds an emergency condition in pediatric neurology which can cause irreparable brain damage. there is no consensus on the choice of drug treatment for refractory generalized  convulsive status epilepticus in children. lidocaine is a valuable forgot...

Radiation therapy of the primary tumor can be a stage treatment patients with initial IV breast cancer, being delievered out not only in purpose decreasing symptom’s severity, but an increase progression-free survival. Modern technologies radiation therapy, including intensity-modulated radiotherapy and deep inspiration under control breathing (Respiratory Gating), significantly reduce dose to ...

BACKGROUND The MERCI (Mechanical Embolus Removal in Cerebral Ischemia) trial reported efficacy of the Merci Retriever for opening intracranial vessels in patients ineligible for intravenous (IV) tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Patients who receive IV tPA but do not recanalize may also benefit from thrombectomy, but the revascularization efficacy and safety of this strategy has not been repo...

Anemia management practices in patients on hemodialysis that incorporate a balanced approach to erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) and intravenous (IV) iron therapy, use the lowest effective dose of ESA, and provide IV iron therapy in patients with higher serum ferritin levels have become important treatment considerations. This case study, followed by an indepth discussion, addresses these...