1. Many birds sequester carotenoid pigments in colourful patches of feathers to advertise or compete for mates. Because carotenoids can be scarce in nature and serve valuable physiological functions, only the highest-quality individuals are thought to acquire or allocate more pigments for use in sexual displays. 2. A critical but rarely tested assumption of carotenoid-based signals is that the ...

     Nowadays, hydrogels are widely used as wound dressings in biomedical applications. Similar to other types of the moist (wet) wound dressings, it is necessary to have sufficient information about their dehydration kinetics during the pre-usage period (e.g. storage duration) and also the wound healing process. In this work, hydrogel wound dressings based on polyvinyl alcohol were prepared by...

introduction: educational environment is an important determinant of students’ behavior and its elements are associated with academic achievement and course satisfaction. the aim of this study was to determine students’expectations of the ideal educational environment. methods: this was a qualitative study with content analysis approach. using a theoretical sampling method, we selected eight st...

1. Melanin coloration is the most common type of colour in animals. Many species use melanin-based black, brown, grey or earth-toned colours as intraspecific signals of quality. 2. Melanin comes in two main forms in vertebrates – eumelanin and phaeomelanin – and these are said to create different colours, with eumelanin giving a darker black, brown or grey appearance and phaeomelanin a lighter ...

Topically reactive publications Most technical computing publications are topically reactive— they depend mainly on unsolicited submissions to fill their pages every year. Prior to joining IEEE Software, I was editor in chief of another academic journal for almost 10 years. Readers would often suggest I publish more on this or that topic. Unfortunately, because the topics we published were what...

along with improvement and expansion if computational communications and increasing access of various peoples to the internet and virtual social networks, a lot of theoretical endeavors have been spent for studying the internet and its political and social effects. during these attempts, the concept of public sphere in the framework of habermas's theory has a significant status. accordingl...

A new method is proposed to determine the time-frequency content of time-dependent signals consisting of multiple oscillatory components, with time-varying amplitudes and instantaneous frequencies. Numerical experiments as well as a theoretical analysis are presented to assess its effectiveness.

We have investigated and developed a theoretical approach to explore stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) phenomena in single mode fiber. SBS happening threshold power condition has been studied in terms of fiber parameters and input pump power. To assess threshold power precisely, the pump depletion effect and fiber loss has been included by employing 1% criterion. The threshold exponential g...