Transhumance and palaeodiet are two central themes in archaeology and using chemical analysis of bones and teeth to reconstruct trends and patterns in diet and mobility has become a cornerstone of bioarchaeology. This study has investigated strontium concentration ([Sr]), radiogenic (Sr/Sr) and stable strontium (δSr) isotope systematics in a controlled feeding experiment on domestic pigs design...

The broad belt of intraplate volcanism in the East Atlantic between 25 and 37 N is proposed to have formed by two adjacent hotspot tracks (the Madeira and Canary tracks) that possess systematically different isotopic signatures reflecting different mantle source compositions. To test this model, Hf isotope ratios from volcanic rocks from all individual islands and all major seamounts are presen...

ments from volcanic gases have been carried out to identify their origins and behavior.1 Especially, knowledge of the carbon isotope ratio (13C/12C) is very important for studies performed in volcanic and geothermal areas, because of the existence of several carbon gases, such as CO2, CO, CH4, COS, CS2. Early studies2,3 showed that geothermal CH4 is enriched in 12C relative to CO2. Isotope equi...

Introduction: Primitive meteorites contain components such as presolar grains and some refractory inclusions that are isotopically different from the average solar system. These isotope anomalies are witness of an initial isotopic heterogeneity of the solar nebula. In spite of this initial isotopic heterogeneity, the isotope composition of larger planetary bodies in the solar system seems to be...

Redox processes are ubiquitous in Earth science and are often associated with large isotope fractionations. In a previous study, voltage-dependent amplification of stable isotope fractionation was observed for an Fe reduction process. Here, we describe experiments showing a similar effect for a second transition metal, zinc. After electrochemical reduction, the composition of plated Zn metal is...

The need for femtosecond laser ablation (fs-LA) systems coupled to MC-ICP-MS to accurately perform in situ stable isotope analyses remains an open question, because of the lack of knowledge concerning ablation-related isotopic fractionation in this regime. We report the first iron isotope analysis of size-resolved, laser-induced particles of natural magnetite, siderite, pyrrhotite, and pyrite, ...

RATIONALE Isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) is used extensively to reconstruct general attributes of prehistoric and modern diets in both humans and animals. In order to apply these methods to the accurate determination of specific intakes of foods/nutrients of interest, the isotopic signature of individually consumed foods must be constrained. For example, 86% of the calories consumed in ...

In this study the origin, behaviour and fate of anthropogenic Pb in sandy roadside soils were assessed by measuring soil characteristics, Pb isotope composition and content. In 1991 and 2003 samples were taken at different depth intervals at approximately 8 and 75 m from two highways in The Netherlands. The Pb isotope composition of the litter layer ((206)Pb/(207)Pb=1.12-1.14) differs from the ...

Photosynthetic carbon isotope discrimination is a non-destructive tool for investigating C4 metabolism. Tuneable diode laser absorption spectroscopy provides new opportunities for making rapid, concurrent measurements of carbon isotope discrimination and CO2 assimilation over a range of environmental conditions, and this has facilitated the use of carbon isotope discrimination as a probe of C4 ...

The mechanism of the ene reaction of singlet ((1)delta(g)) oxygen with simple alkenes is investigated by a combination of experimental isotope effects and several levels of theoretical calculations. For the reaction of 2,4-dimethyl-3-isopropyl-2-pentene, the olefinic carbons exhibit small and nearly equal (13)C isotope effects of 1.005-1.007, while the reacting methyl groups exhibit (13)C isoto...