CONTEXT Distinct exercises have been proposed for knee rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. There is a need to understand ACL strain behavior during different rehabilitation exercises to protect the graft from excessive strain that could interfere with its healing process. OBJECTIVE To critically review studies that directly measured normal ACL strain in vivo ...

BACKGROUND Hamstring injuries are common in many sports, including track and field. Strains occur in different parts of the hamstring muscle but very little is known about whether common hamstring loading exercises specifically load different hamstring components. The purpose of this study was to investigate muscle activation of different components of the hamstring muscle during common hamstri...

STUDY DESIGN Prospective, single-group, repeated-measures design. OBJECTIVE To identify exercises that could be used for strength development and the exercises that would be more appropriate for endurance or stabilization training. BACKGROUND The exercises analyzed are often used in rehabilitation programs for the spine, hip, and knee. They are active exercises using body weight for resista...

The kinetic chain approach to shoulder rehabilitation has become a standard of care within sports medicine. Attempting to incorporate the kinetic chain method of proximal stability for distal mobility requires a stable base of not only the lower extremity but also the upper extremity. Therefore, it was the purpose of this study to quantify muscle activation of the upper and lower extremity duri...

The low-back pain has demonstrated to be a common finding among athletes and particularly the overload in the lumbar column resulting from a strength or isometric resistance involvement of muscles of this segment as result of the muscular fatigue has been considered as important etiological factor for its development. In this context, tests used for the training evaluation of the lumbar spinae ...

[Purpose] This study analyzed the effects of isotonic, isokinetic, and isometric exercises of ankle joint muscles on lower extremity muscle activity and balance control. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects were 30 healthy adults (15 males) in their 20s who were randomly assigned to three different exercise method groups of 10 people each. The isokinetic exercise group performed three sets at an...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the therapeutic ultrasound on the psycho-physiological functioning in patients who presented with neck pain. There is a limited number of scientific studies which provide information on clinical effectiveness of the therapeutic ultrasound and its effect on the psycho-physiological functions. The present study investigated 100 patient...

Many female college students in South Corea suffer from postural problems and deformities in their lower extremities. In particular, many females exhibit knee valgus or varus. These problems can arise from a variety of causes, from the use of elevated heels, to years of carrying heavy backpacks, and muscle imbalance. There are many different types of exercises to address these problems, but iso...