The Persian Universal Dependency Treebank (Persian UD) is a recent effort of treebanking Persian with Universal Dependencies (UD), an ongoing project that designs unified and cross-linguistically valid grammatical representations including part-of-speech tags, morphological features, and dependency relations. The Persian UD is the converted version of the Uppsala Persian Dependency Treebank (UP...

BACKGROUND Oxford shoulder score is a specific 12-item patient-reported tool for evaluation of patients with inflammatory and degenerative disorders of the shoulder. Since its introduction, it has been translated and culturally adapted in some Western and Eastern countries. The aim of this study was to translate the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) in Persian and to test its validity and reliability...

My PhD study explored the experiences of a cohort Iranian doctoral candidates in New Zealand. This paper presents my response to unexpected challenge I faced as collected data and formed theoretical framework. found that Western interpretations non-Western international students largely ignored social-cultural specificities. navigated this by drawing from postcolonial concepts ambivalence, unce...

There is burgeoning interest in the field of "Islamic" bioethics within public and professional circles, and both healthcare practitioners and academic scholars deploy their respective expertise in attempts to cohere a discipline of inquiry that addresses the needs of contemporary bioethics stakeholders while using resources from within the Islamic ethico-legal tradition. This manuscript serves...

In a previous production experiment, post-focus compression (PFC) of F0 and intensity were found to be present in Persian. It was also shown that F0 and duration were the main correlates of prosodic focus in Persian. However, the perceptual relevance of PFC in Persian was not yet clear. The present paper reports the findings of an experiment on focus perception in Persian. Native speakers of Pe...

T he disciplines of Arabic and Islamic Studies have undergone a major paradigm shift over the past two decades. For most of the twentieth century, the majority of scholars in these fields focused primarily on the limited materials available in print, taking manuscript materials into consideration only by way of exception. During the latter part of the twentieth century, methodological considera...

The myths and misconceptions about silver bioavailability and toxicity in aquatic environments do not outnumber the facts but perhaps persist and receive more recognition and credence because the fiction is more interesting. The myths range from those that encompass all "toxic heavy metals" to those that are specific for silver. Some of the myths are embodied in our current regulatory framework...

The notion of " Islamic finance " was born during the tumultuous identity-politics years of the mid-twentieth century. Indian, Pakistani, and Arab thinkers contemplated independence from Britain, and independence of Pakistan from India, within a context of " Islamic society. " Islam was assumed to inspire political, economic, and financial systems that are distinctive and independent of the Wes...

this article deals with the establishment of the islamic world science citation center (isc) as the first citation system in the islamic countries. it attempts to describe the mapping of isc the way it has been established. at the time being, isc has begun to evaluate the research performance of the islamic countries. the required research journals from the islamic countries are being collected...