Applied literature is a term that is the outcome of a need to put literature to tangible uses in the “real” world. A medical practitioner looking for a definition of life, for instance, finds literature a useful source for the answer. With paradigm shifts in scientific studies, interdisciplinarity has been a method to overcome the alienations that resulted from the isolation of disciplines from...

In real-world applications, costs for products are not deterministic: neither static nor dynamic. They actually tend to be non-stationary and cross-correlated. To overcome this drawback, there have been some efforts by researchers to extend the Wagner–Whitin algorithm to consider stochastic costs. However, they assume that the information of probability density function of random costs exists. ...

Stem cell research is very promising. The use of human embryos has been confronted with objections based on ethical and religious positions. The recent production of reprogrammed adult (induced pluripotent) cells does not - in the opinion of scientists - reduce the need to continue human embryonic stem cell research. So the debate continues. Islam always encouraged scientific research, particul...

This paper is an attempt to distinguish and discuss the Iranian (as distinct from the Turkish, Arabic and Islamic) elements in the present pattern of kinship and marriage practice in Persia in their historical context. This will entail also a discussion of what can be known of the pre-Islamic Iranian system. Disciplines Anthropology | Social and Behavioral Sciences This journal article is avail...

art has not been extensively discussed in the islamic tradition, except a few instances in the islamic jurisprudence. there is no discussion of the essence or definition of art in islamic scholarly spheres, including philosophical spheres. one can find nothing comparable to the philosophy of art as found in the western philosophy, especially after the eighteenth century, in the philosophical or...

BACKGROUND Islam acknowledges that infertility is a significant hardship. Attempts to cure infertility are not only permissible, but also encouraged in Islam. Over the last three decades, a multitude of advances in assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) have appeared. This review was carried out to inform readers, who are not familiar with Islamic doctrine, about the Sunni perspective on thi...

The recent history of Islamic finance is riddled with a number of paradoxes. First, there is a great rift between the economics literature on Islamic finance, and the practical approaches taken by financial experts and practitioners in the area. Second, despite two or more decades of rhetoric regarding the development of uniform standards for Islamic finance, the market remains largely segmente...