BACKGROUND In patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), cardiovascular events are more common, and the outcome following a myocardial infarction is worse than in nondiabetic subjects. Ischemic or pharmacological preconditioning are powerful interventions to reduce ischemia reperfusion (IR)-injury. However, animal studies have shown that the presence of T1DM can limit these protective effec...

Early reperfusion of totally occluded coronary arteries with thrombolysis and/or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) reduces infarct size, cardiac mortality, and in-hospital events.1,2 Prompt reperfusion of epicardial blood flow reduces infarct size and mortality rates, in-hospital events, and reinfarction. Furthermore, successful reperfusion greatly a...

objectives in this study, we aimed to investigate the changes in brain lipidomics following prolonged and intermittent ischemic preconditioning. materials and methods two groups underwent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion either intermittently (for 3 continuous periods within a timeframe of 20 minutes, releasing 3 consecutive times, yielding a total of 9 minutes (intermittent bilateral ...

Activation of glutamate receptors has been proposed as a key factor in the induction of ischemic tolerance. We used organotypic rat hippocampal slices exposed to 30 min oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) to evaluate postischemic pyramidal cell death in the CA1 subregion. In this model, 10 min exposure to OGD 24 h before the exposure to toxic OGD was not lethal and reduced the subsequent OGD neuro...

physiologic responses to its environment is important for survival. Certain organs respond to sub-lethal exposures to hypoxia or ischemia by a variety of physiologic mechanisms. Some of these mechanisms induce a greater tolerance to a subsequent exposure to hypoxia or ischemia. This phenomenon is described as ischemic or hypoxic preconditioning.1,2 It is nature’s “what doesn’t kill you makes yo...

A transient, sublethal ischemic interval confers resistance to a subsequent, otherwise lethal ischemic insult, in a process termed ischemic preconditioning. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) normally functions in DNA repair, but extensive PARP-1 activation is a major cause of ischemic cell death. Because PARP-1 can be cleaved and inactivated by caspases, we investigated the possibility tha...

BACKGROUND Contrast medium-induced acute kidney injury is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. The underlying mechanism has been attributed in part to ischemic kidney injury. The aim of this randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial was to assess the impact of remote ischemic preconditioning on contrast medium-induced acute kidney injury. METHODS AND RESULTS Patients wit...

BACKGROUND Nonlethal ischemia and reperfusion reduce ischemia-reperfusion-induced cell death, a phenomenon called ischemic preconditioning. In animal models, this potent endogenous protection is mimicked in vivo by administration of adenosine. In humans, exploitation of ischemic preconditioning is hindered by the lack of an appropriate in vivo model to study this phenomenon. To solve this probl...