BACKGROUND Previous studies, mostly of Western women, have reported inconsistent findings on the association of menopause characteristics (status, age, and time since menopause) and total reproductive years with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS AND RESULTS The China Kadoorie Biobank recruited 302 632 women in 2004 to 2008 from 10 regions across China. During 9-year follow-up, 19 ...

Background Reducing disease risk for women after menopause is global health issue. A major portion of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) consisted of two clinical trials involving 161,809 post-menopausal women aged 50-79 that tested the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on reducing cardiovascular disease and other secondary outcomes. Previous analyses of the data reveal that HRT shou...

background: sexual function and its subsequent satisfaction are among the most important aspects of women’s life. however, this instinct could be influenced by some factors such as diseases, drug using, aging, and hormonal and physiologic changes associated with menopause, and sexual behavior. objective: the aim of this study was to describe the prevalence rates of sexual dysfunction, and relat...

OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency and causes of preterm ovarian failure (menopause before 40 years of age) and early menopause (menopause between 40 and 45 years). DESIGN Cross sectional study. SETTING Menopause clinics in Italy. POPULATION Women attending menopause clinics in Italy. METHODS Between 1997 and 1999 we conducted a large cross sectional study on the characteristics of wo...

Although cross-sectional studies suggest that cognitive aging starts in midlife, few longitudinal studies have documented within-individual declines in cognitive performance before the seventh decade. Learning from repeat testing, or practice effects, can mask the decline in younger cohorts. In women, the menopause transition also affects test performance and can confound estimates of underlyin...

OBJECTIVE Our study aims to determine the role of time of menopause on vascular inflammation biomarkers and how it affects their modulation by estrogen and raloxifene in postmenopausal women. METHODS AND RESULTS Uterine arteries from 68 postmenopausal women were divided into 3 segments and cultured for 24 hours in tissue culture media containing 17β-estradiol (100 nmol/L), raloxifene (100 nmo...

abstract background: some studies have shown significant changes in quality of life due to menopausal status. a large number of factors, including psycho-social factors, have been found to be associated with quality of life. the aim of this study was to investigate factors affecting quality of life among postmenopausal women in isfahan based on behavioral analysis phase of precede model. method...

In women receiving evaluation for suspected ischemic symptoms, a "normal" diagnosis is five times more common than it is in men. These women are often labeled as having cardiac syndrome X, also known as microvascular angina (MVA). MVA is defined as angina pectoris caused by abnormalities of the small coronary arteries, and is characterized by effort chest pain and evidence of myocardial ischemi...

The human ovary contains a fixed number of non-growing follicles (NGFs) established before birth that decline with increasing age culminating in the menopause at 50-51 years. The objective of this study is to model the age-related population of NGFs in the human ovary from conception to menopause. Data were taken from eight separate quantitative histological studies (n = 325) in which NGF popul...