Iontophoresis is the process of increasing the penetration of drugs into the skin by application of an electric current. The drug is applied under an electrode of the same charge as the drug, and a return electrode opposite in charge to the drug is placed at a neutral site on the body surface. Electrical energy assists the movement of ions across the skin using the principle "like charges repel...

Despite the considerable interest in the possibility that ATP may function as a peripheral pain mediator, there has been little quantitative study of the pain-producing effects of ATP in humans. Here we have used iontophoresis to deliver ATP to the forearm skin of volunteers who rated the magnitude of the evoked pain on a visual analogue scale. ATP consistently produced a modest burning pain, w...

W e present herein data showing for the first time to our knowledge that dry iontophoresis rapidly induces anhidrosis during current application in individuals with hyperhidrosis. This finding provides a novel experimental model for evaluating treatments of hyperhidrosis and determining their mechanism of action. Tap water iontophoresis, during which the patient’s hands are soaked in shallow pa...

This study, conducted in 36 human volunteers, was an evaluation of the effects of saline iontophoresis on skin temperature, irritation, and barrier function. The major objectives were to assess the effects of low-level ionic currents, to validate the proposed methodology of assessment, and to establish reproducibility in repeated saline iontophoresis applications. This was the first of a multis...

Background: The excessive sweating of the body beyond physiological need is termed as hyperhidrosis. Objective: this study aimed to determine efficacy tap water iontophoresis and aluminium chloride for treatment palmoplantar Study design: It randomized control trial based interventional study. Material Method: This was conducted at Department Dermatology, Niazi Medical Dental College, Sargodha....