The aim of this paper is to examine the concentration of wealth among the group of top wealth holders, defined as those with wealth in excess of a high cut off. The paper begins by considering the definition of this cut off, analogous to the definition of a poverty line at the other end of the distribution. It then considers what can be learned about the proportion classified as ‘rich’ and abou...

We begin the development of a theory of Banach spaces in the definable setting of o-minimal structures. We outline several results which develop the theory of compact embeddings for explicitly given function spaces. One aim is to explain the substantive underpinnings of an important observation used in the proof of the Reparameterization Theorem of Pila and Wilkie in [2]. We place this observat...

As growing attention is paid to climate change adaptation as an actual policy issue, the significant meaning of climate variability in adaptation decisions is beginning to be recognized. By using a real option framework, we shed light on how climate change and climate variability affect individuals’ (farmers’) investment decisions with regard to adaptation. As a plausible case in which the dela...

Transitioning to a low-carbon economy will require significant investment to transform energy systems, alter the built environment and adapt infrastructure. A strategy to finance this investment is needed if the limit of a 2°C increase in global mean temperatures is to be respected. Also, high-income countries have pledged to pay the “agreed full incremental costs” of climate-change mitigation ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate a large number of determinants of sport dropout among French adolescents, in order to reveal proximal and distal factors of dropout. 261 current and 106 dropout athletes (M = 14.6) participated to the study. The data were collected by a questionnaire assessing demographic information, athletes' perceptions on their experience, their parents, teammate...

Standard cost-benefit analyses and asset pricing theories are based on the assumption that investment projects have marginal impacts on the consumption flows of stakeholders, so that social values and prices are not affected. This may not be true for large projects, such as those related to climate change or to the implementation of infrastructure projects in developing countries. In this paper...

Many decisions taken today will have long term consequences on time scales ranging from one or two decades to 50 or 100 years or beyond. Building design, flood protection measures and water resource planning often involve substantial investment in assets which we hope will be suitable for these very long periods. Over such time periods we know that the earth’s climate will undergo substantial f...

We study Vand Λ-patterns which generalize valleys and peaks, as well as increasing and decreasing runs, in permutations. A complete classification of permutations (multi)-avoiding Vand Λ-patterns of length 4 is given. We also establish a connection between restricted permutations and matchings in the coronas of complete graphs.