Phasic firing changes of midbrain dopamine neurons have been widely characterized as reflecting a reward prediction error (RPE). Major personality traits (e.g., extraversion) have been linked to inter-individual variations in dopaminergic neurotransmission. Consistent with these two claims, recent research (Smillie et al., 2011; Cooper et al., 2014) found that extraverts exhibited larger RPEs t...

The personality scores at 16 years of age of 2753 people, all members of the National Survey of Health and Development, were related, in a follow-up study, to cigarette smoking behaviour in their young adult years. Survey members who recorded high neuroticism scores were found to be more likely to smoke than those with low scores and, among the smokers, deep inhalers formed the most neurotic gr...

An increasingly widespread interest in developing fully adaptable e-learning systems (e.g., intelligent tutoring systems) has led to the development of a wide range of adaptive processes and techniques. In particular, advances in these systems are based on optimization for each user’s learning style and characteristics, to enable a personalized learning experience. Current techniques are aimed ...

Considering the importance of learners' characteristics in facilitating or hindering second language oral communication, two personality traits that have received a lot attention from researchers are extroversion and introversion. However, their findings been contradictory - some found correlates significantly with speaking skills while others disconfirm this finding. This study aimed to examin...

Recent correlational research suggests that Extraversion is associated with a predisposition to experience positive affect, whereas Neuroticism is associated with a predisposition to experience negative affect. Using Gray’s (A Model for Personality, pp. 246-276, 1981) terms, such results may be due to differential sensitivity to signals of reward and punishment on the part of Extraverts and Neu...

To effectively pursue a strategy of focused marketing, Internet businesses need to solicit personal information from consumers. Indeed, many Internet businesses have been offering consumers economic benefits (like monetary rewards) in exchange for their personal information. However, a more cost-effective way to solicit such personal information may be to use psychological benefits. This study ...

Extraversion is considered one of the core traits of personality. Low extraversion has been associated with increased vulnerability to affective and anxiety disorders. Brain imaging studies have linked extraversion, approach behaviour and the production of positive emotional states to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and glutamatergic neurotransmission. However, the relationship betwe...

Collaborative work has been in use as an instructional tool to increase student understanding through collaborative learning and to improve student performance in computer science courses. However, little work has been done to understand how the act of collaboration, through pair programming or group work, impacts a student’s knowledge of the benefits and difficulties of collaborative work. Exp...

Personality is known to moderate task performance, learning styles, and gaming preferences. With the inclusion of game elements into non-game contexts such as education and workplaces, it is essential to develop models that will help explain and predict the influence of personality in environments that are, unlike the existing research, both ludic and utilitarian at the same time. In this study...