Background: To determine the thyroid function tests and urinary iodine levels in women belonging to goiter endemic area. Study type and settings: Descriptive study conducted in women of goiter endemic area in Saggian Lahore. Subjects and Methods: Saggian Lahore is a goiter endemic area. A total of 293 women between the ages of 18-45 years residing in the area were clinically screened for goiter...

Objective: To evaluate the impact of salt iodization on the prevalence of goiter among school children in the city of Shiraz. Design: In 1989, prior to initiation of universal salt iodization in Iran, 2419 male and female students, 6-18 years were randomly selected and evaluated for the presence of goiter, which was graded according to WHO goiter classification. A similar study was carried out ...

OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study was conducted in Ahwaz, Iran to find out the prevalence of goiter among schoolchildren ages 11-16 years. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Multistage sampling methodology was followed for selecting the study population. A total of 1,950 children (1,050 males, 900 females) were clinically assessed for thyroid gland enlargement. Data were collected on age, sex, weight, h...

Vocal cord paralysis associated with goiter usually indicates the presence of a malignancy. Pediatric patients retain significant thymic tissue that regresses only later in life. This thymic tissue can develop significant hyperplasia during an acute autoimmune process. We describe a case of a 17-year-old girl who presented with a goiter secondary to severe Graves' disease and a 2-month history ...

Restoring the intestinal continuity of an acquired massive cervico-thoracic oesophagus defect is a reconstructive challenge. A case requiring such defect restoration following a failed pedicled colonic interposition bypass graft between the cervical oesophagus and stomach for an intra-thoracic oesophageal perforation is presented. The defect between the oesophagostome at the lower left neck and...

Intercostal artery injury may be life-threatening and usually presents as hemothorax. We report a unique case of penetrating injury, causing hemoperitoneum due to intercostal without thoracic involvement. During urgent laparotomy, no intra-abdominal organ was found. Hemostasis successfully achieved via suturing through an additional lateral 10cm incision the left thorax.

Intra-and early post-operative aortic injury by pedicle screw is not a rare complication in orthopedic surgery, but aortic penetration by a screw head over a long time period is considered as an uncommon case. There are various surgical management options for thoracic aortic injury caused by malpositioned spinal instruments. We report a case of a patient who underwent minimally invasive graft r...

Descending thoracic aorta to femoral artery bypass has been used as a remedial operation after aortic or axillofemoral graft failure or graft infection and other intra-abdominal pathologies not amenable to standard aortofemoral revascularization. It can avoid abdomen approach and has been known as a durable procedure with excellent long-term patency. We reported descending thoracic aorta to fem...