An increasing number of children are born with intersex variation (IV; ambiguous genitalia/hermaphrodite, pseudohermaphroditism, etc.). Evidence shows that endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the environment can cause reproductive variation through dysregulation of normal reproductive tissue differentiation, growth, and maturation if the fetus is exposed to EDCs during critical development...

Introduction To assess opinions of females with CAH, and parents about designating this population “intersex,” particularly in legislation genital surgery during childhood. Methods We conducted a mixed-methods (quantitative qualitative) anonymous cross-sectional online survey CAH (46XX, 16+years old) independently recruited girls (2019–2020) diagnosed first year life from the United States. A m...

Using qualitative interviews (n = 39) and participant observation (n = 54), this study documents perceptions and experiences of violence between lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex intimate partners in Japan, thereby providing exploratory, formative data on a previously unexamined issue. Results indicate that intimate partner violence (IPV) is experienced physically, sexually, and...

Intersex white suckers (Catostomus commersoni) were collected in Boulder Creek and the South Platte River downstream of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent but not at reference sites. Eighty-three percent of the 60 white suckers collected downstream of the Boulder WWTP in spring and fall were female compared to 45% upstream (n=33). Only female (n=16) and intersex white suckers (n=4) were...

The birth of an intersex child prompts a long-term management strategy that involves a myriad of professionals working with the family. There has been progress in diagnosis, surgical techniques, understanding psychosocial issues and in recognizing and accepting the place of patient advocacy. The Lawson Wilkins Paediatric Endocrine Society (LWPES) and the European Society for Paediatric Endocrin...

In this paper, I consider the contradictions in majority Western treatment of trans and intersex children, relation to United Nations Convention on Rights Child (UNCRC). argue that how each group is treated underpinned by contrasting assumptions about what constitutes child’s best interest, which a primary consideration under Convention. case it assumed interest have an assigned binary gender b...

Intersex/disorders of sex development advocacy groups and associated health care professionals question the legitimacy of the Council of Europe issue paper, express their worries about its potentially harmful consequences, and urge the Council of Europe to consult more widely with relevant stakeholders.

Researchers spanning many scientific domains, including primatology, evolutionary biology and psychology, have sought to establish an evolutionary basis for morality. While researchers have identified social and cognitive adaptations that support ethical behaviour, a consensus has emerged that genetically determined physical traits are not reliable signals of unethical intentions or actions. Ch...

Sex hormones produced in humans and livestock are excreted in the urine. Naturally produced and synthetic contraceptive pill estrogens may pass low-quality waste water processing plants and feminize male fish in streams and coastal areas downstream such discharges [1,2]. High-quality processing of the wastewater with tertiary treatment, nutrient removal and sufficient water and sludge retention...