Activation of T lymphocytes leads to the expression of interleukin-2 receptors (IL-2R) on the cell surface (1) as well as the release of soluble IL-2R (sIL-2R) molecules into the circulation (2). T lymphocytes are the predominant IL-2R bearing cells (3) and hence serum sIL-2R level provides a satisfactory indicator of T-cell activation in vivo. Elevated serum levels of sIL-2R have been reported...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES In spite of potent immunosuppression, acute rejection continues to be the single largest cause of graft dysfunction after renal transplantation. Renal allograft biopsy, though invasive, continues to be the reference standard, though certain clinical and biochemical parameters are helpful in assessment of these patients. Acute renal allograft rejection is mediated by T ly...

Adherent cells from HIV-infected subjects as well as in vitro HIV-infected normal adherent cells produce spontaneously a 29-kD (p29) factor that inhibits mitogen-induced proliferation of normal T cells. p29 mediates a partial dose-dependent inhibition of total protein synthesis in both nonstimulated and PHA-activated cells that is associated with impaired PHA-induced expression of IL-2 receptor...

There are several endocytic pathways, which are either dependent on or independent of clathrin. This study focuses on a poorly characterized mechanism-clathrin- and caveolae-independent endocytosis-used by the interleukin-2 receptor beta (IL-2R beta). We address the question of its regulation in comparison with the clathrin-dependent pathway. First, we show that Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin s...

Interleukin (IL)-2 promotes regulatory T-cell development and function, and treatment with IL-2 is being tested as therapy for some autoimmune diseases. However, patients receiving IL-2 treatment also experience eosinophilia due to an unknown mechanism. Here, we show that patients receiving low-dose IL-2 have elevated levels of serum IL-5, and this correlates with their degree of eosinophilia. ...