Felix Houphouet-Boigny was President of the Republic Cote dIvoire between 1960 and 1993. During his reign, he undertook a policy openness which encouraged large number foreign immigrants, including Lebanese from Middle East. According to 1988 Population Housing Census, communities, dominated by West Africans, represented 28% total population. Alongside these, there is minority East, Lebanese. I...

The aim of the present investigation is to examine applied linguistics and english language teaching. Many resent researches concerned with applied linguistics have led to a phenomenon to resolve language problems in general and in particular english language. In general, language phenomenon is complex. Finegan and Besiner defined language as a finite system of elements and principles that make...

Democracies have two basic choices for managing ethnic, national, and religious diversity. They may seek to construct a single all-embracing public identity through “ integration ” or try to accommodate dual or multiple public identities through “ consociation. ” These are the two dominant, broad-based prescriptions that are offered for addressing the confl ict in Iraq. In this article, we argu...

Scholars have wondered for a long time whether quantum mechanics (QM) subtends a quantum concept of truth, formalized by quantum logic (QL) and radically different from the classical (Tarskian) concept of truth. We show in this paper that QL can be obtained as a pragmatic structure LPQD of pragmatically decidable assertive formulas which formalizes the metalinguistic concept of empirical justif...

this paper reports results from a corpus-based study that explored the frequency of words in the abstracts of applied linguistics journal articles. the abstracts of major articles in leading applied linguists journals, published since 2005 up to november 2001 were analyzed using software modules from the compleat lexical tutor. the output includes a list of the most frequent content words, list...

Computational modeling of human language processes is a small but growing subfield of computational linguistics. This paper describes a course that makes use of recent research in psychocomputational modeling as a framework to introduce a number of mainstream computational linguistics concepts to an audience of linguistics, cognitive science and computer science doctoral students. The emphasis ...

James P. Lantolf is George and Jane Greer Professor Emeritus of Language Acquisition and Applied Linguistics and former director of the Center for Advanced Language Proficiency Education and Research at the Pennsylvania State University, USA. He is currently Adjunct Professor of Applied Linguistics in the same academic unit at Xi’an Jiaotong University. He is founder of the Sociocultural Theory...

Since the advent of the computer in 1945, computational research has by now become pervasive in just about all newly created as well as traditional fields. Nor has linguistics escaped this tidal surge. In fact, a pre-computer computational perspective had already been attempted when linguists examined their data utilizing scientific methods; computational linguistics was formalized after the em...

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Three categories of model are identified here: the technology impact model; the social impact model and the integrationist model, which imply different views of the ‘impact’ of information technology on work organization. These models are used to structure data from case studies conducted by the authors to explore the implications of the use of computer-based information systems for managers’ w...