Since time domain reflectometry (TDR) has been identified as one of the potential non-destructive methods for quality control of soil nailing works in 2003, further development work has been carried out. This report updates on the experience gained on the use of this technique to determine soil nail length. Various sources of uncertainty of a TDR test have been studied. They include human judge...

This paper describes the development and accuracy analysis of a single-stage respirometer which can be used both in the laboratory for wastewater characterization and in the plant as a process instrument. It is based on an accurate model of parasitic aeration, making the two-stage assumption unnecessary. Its operation is supervised by a real-time software, written in Lab View, managing the vari...

I use the bootstrap to study a comprehensive sample of 1400 instrumental variables regressions in 32 papers published in the journals of the American Economic Association. IV estimates are more often found to be falsely significant and more sensitive to outliers than OLS, while having a higher mean squared error around the IV population moment. There is little evidence that OLS estimates are su...

To validate our ten year middle atmospheric water vapor dataset obtained by the airborne microwave radiometer AMSOS we compared its datas to the satellite instruments MIPAS on ENVISAT and MLS on Aura. AMSOS has a dry bias of up to 15%. Beside the offset the error is in the range of±10%. Surprisingly the offset with regard to the infrared instrument MIPAS is twice as big as to the microwave inst...

The aim of this paper is to present a method improving pitch estimation accuracy, showing high performance for both synthetic harmonic signals and musical instrument sounds. This method employs an Artificial Neural Network of a feed-forward type. In addition, octave error optimized pitch detection algorithm, based on spectral analysis is introduced. The proposed algorithm is very effective for ...

Significant in-band stray light (IBSL) error at solar zenith angle (SZA) values larger than 77◦ near sunset in 4 SBUV/2 (Solar Backscattered Ultraviolet) instruments, on board the NOAA-14, 17, 18 and 19 satellites, has been characterized. The IBSL error is caused by large surface reflection and scattering of the air-gapped depolarizer in front of the instrument’s monochromator aperture. The sou...

While the individual components of total survey error have been well documented in the literature, relatively little is known about the intersection of these error sources. In particular, there is scant empirical work on the interplay between nonresponse error and measurement error – despite the potentially significant implications for data quality as well as techniques used to recruit responde...

AbstmctIn order to achieve highly accurate calibration of the SeaWinds scatterometer, a calibration ground station (CGS) was constructed by Jet Propulsion Lab (JPL) at White Sands, New Mexico, in association with the QuikSCAT mission. This receive-only system precisely measures the time, frequency, and power of the SeaWinds transmit signal as it passes overhead. From the CGS data, key instrumen...

This paper describes research in active instruments for enhanced accuracy in microsurgery. The aim is to make accuracy enhancement as transparent to the surgeon as possible. Rather than using a robotic arm, we have taken the novel approach of developing a handheld instrument that senses its own movement, distinguishes between desired and undesired motion, and deflects its tip to perform active ...

To assist with the development of intelligent mixing systems, it would be useful to be able to extract the loudness balance of sources in an existing musical mixture. The relative-to-mix loudness level of four instrument groups was predicted using the sources extracted by 12 audio source separation algorithms. The predictions were compared with the ground truth loudness data of the original unm...