Membrane currents from voltage-clamped frog muscle fibers were recorded during iontophoretic application of steady doses of carbachol, acetylcholine, and suberyldicholine to the endplate region. In the presence of these drugs, an exponentially relaxing current was observed after step changes of membrane potential. The time constant of relaxation was found to be voltage-dependent. It was equal t...

I study reputation games with frequent decisions and persistently imperfect monitoring. In these games, as the period length tends to zero, the monitoring structure approaches a continuous-time limit, and, further, the limit monitoring is non-trivially imperfect. I show that for any prior probability on the long-run player’s types that assigns positive probability to commitment types, if the lo...

University of Strathclyde Abstract This paper investigates the application of the gain-scheduling approach to flight control tasks where the conditions required by conventional techniques need not be satisfied. The conditions required by conventional techniques are progressively relaxed and the design of gain-scheduled controllers under a range of conditions is addressed. In particular, the pap...

für Naturforschung in cooperation with the Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Dieses Werk wurde im Jahr 2013 vom Verlag Zeitschrift für Naturforschung in Zusammenarbeit mit der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. digitalisiert und unter folgender Lizenz veröffentlicht: Creative Commons Namen...

In this article, we investigate the debated Instantaneous Frequency (IF) topic. Here, we show that IF is non-unique inherently. We explain how this non-uniqueness can be quantified and explained from a mathematical perspective. The non-uniqueness of the IF can also be observed if different methods of adaptive signal processing are used. We will also show that even if we know the physical origin...

This paper presents a new method for robust voiced/unvoiced segment (V/UV) classification and accurate fundamental frequency ( ) estimation in a noisy environment. For this purpose, we introduce the degree of dominance and dominance spectrum that are defined by instantaneous frequency. The degree of dominance allows us to evaluate the magnitude of individual harmonic components of speech signal...

Picosecond time-resolved x-ray spectroscopy is used to measure the spectral line shift of the 1s2p-1s^{2} transition in He-like Al ions as a function of the instantaneous plasma conditions. The plasma temperature and density are inferred from the Al He_{α} complex using a nonlocal-thermodynamic-equilibrium atomic physics model. The experimental spectra show a linearly increasing redshift for el...

The Rosse-Panzar revenue test for competitive conditions in banking is based on observation of the impact on bank revenue of variation in factor input prices. We identify the implications for the H-statistic of misspecification bias in the revenue equation, arising when adjustment towards market equilibrium is partial and not instantaneous. In simulations, fixed effects estimation produces a me...

We consider a uid queueing problem with an innnite reservoir with output rate C, fed by an innnite superposition of identical On/OO sources with large instantaneous bit rate h C. The On periods have innnite variance, generating Long Range Dependence. It is shown that the distribution of the stationary queue content at embedded time points is heavy tailed with innnite mean. It is explained why t...