Since a humanoid robot takes the morphology of human, users as pilots will intuitively expect that they can freely manipulate the humanoid extremities. However, it is difficult to simultaneously issue such multiple control inputs to the whole body with simple devices. It is useful for motion pattern generation to get mapping functions bidirectionally between a large number of control inputs for...

Thalamocortical (TC) cells in the ventrobasal thalamus make direct excitatory connections with regular-spiking (RS) cells in layer 4 of the somatosensory cortex, but also make disynaptic feedforward inhibitory connections with the RS cells by layer 4 fast-spiking (FS) cells. In this study, we investigated connection rules of the feedforward inhibitory circuit from multiple TC cells to multiple ...

When the nervous system is presented with multiple simultaneous inputs of some variable, such as wavelength or disparity, they can be combined to give rise to qualitatively new percepts that cannot be produced by any single input value. For example, there is no single wavelength that appears white. Many models of decoding neural population codes have problems handling multiple inputs, either at...

For arbitrary multiple-input multiple-output linear time invariant systems with unknown inputs this article provides sufficient conditions to estimate functionals of the state variables. When input is uniformly bounded these are strictly weaker than classical for functional observers, well-known in literature, and generalize previous results using discontinuous differentiators. Furthermore, a g...