Salt stress is a worldwide environmental signal, reducing the growth and yield of crops. To improve crop tolerance to salt, several beneficial microbes are utilized. Here, nitrogen-fixing bacterium Azorhizobium caulinodans root endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica were used inoculate tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) under salt stress, effects co-inoculation investigated. Results showed that A. ...

Although mycorrhizae applications have been widely used to improve the establishment and growth of agricultural crops, there no studies on their application in field-grown nectarine trees. In this work, a commercial arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF; Glomus iranicum var. tenuihypharum) was applied by means fertigation inoculate young “Flariba” trees grown south-eastern Spain evaluate its effec...

Abstract Background Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) is an entomopathogenic fungus that has potential as a biological control agent against many insect pests. This study was conducted to optimize the conditions for large-scale production on rice of B. and evaluate its virulence bean flower thrips Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Results The o...

Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) is a harmful quarantine disease with wide geographic distribution. To date, experimentally proved resistance or tolerance of potato cultivars to PSTVd has not been reported. The aim this study was evaluate responses four strains 39 modern different origin. Four origin, the intermediate VP35, VP87, and two sever FP10-13 NicTr-3, deposited in GenBank, were used...

Purpose Loftus (1979, Reactions to blatantly contradictory information) demonstrated that participants who received a piece of information were not susceptible it (the boundary condition effect). In addition, had the blatant misinformation also less more subtle pieces compared did receive inoculation Researchers often cited this finding as evidence for idea detecting is similar being given warn...

A perfectly balanced wine can be said to create a symphony in the mouth. To achieve the sublime, both in wine and music, requires imagination and skilled orchestration of artistic craftmanship. For wine, inventiveness starts in the vineyard. Similar to a composer of music, the grapegrower produces grapes through a multitude of specifications to achieve a quality result. Different Vitis vinifera...

Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid., a pycnidia-producing fungus, is one of the most important soilborne pathogens, infecting over 500 plant species in more than 100 plant families around the world (1,18). It causes a major disease of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) called charcoal rot (18). Symptoms on soybean include blight of emerging seedlings, wilting, early maturation, and incomplete p...

he extant medical literature lacks a discussion of the cultural tradition of bare-knuckle boxing among Irish Travelers, which is pertinent to traumatology given the possible medical complications of this practice. This cultural tradition is a risk factor for a potentially dangerous injury known as a “fight bite”. Irish Travelers are individuals belonging to nomadic families who originated in Ir...

Coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix) is the most important disease in coffee crops around world. Currently, there limited knowledge about mass production methodologies and ex-situ infection of H. vastatrix that lead to development different health characterization studies Coffea or phenotyping. In this context, aim research was develop a simple protocol for uredospores under controlled conditi...