Autoimmune diseases are some of the most common yet least understood maladies in medicine today. Some estimates place the number of sufferers of such diseases as high as 20% of the U.S. population, most of them women. The disorders involved range from the familiar to the relatively uncommon to the obscure. What these disorders have in common is that they cause the immune system to attack the bo...

In this article, thermo-elastic-behavior of a thick-walled cylinder made from a polystyrene nanocomposite reinforced with functionally graded (FG) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) was carried out in radial direction while subjected to a steady state thermal field. The SWCNTs were assumed aligned, straight with infinite length and a uniform layout. Two types of variations in the volume fr...

Autumn coloring of deciduous broad-leaved trees in northern Japan was found to develop either from the inner part of the crown outward (inner-type), or from the outer part of the crown inward (outer-type). Inner-type trees had early-successional characteristics, whereas outer-type trees had late-successional characteristics. Although alders (Alnus hirsuta (Spach) Rupr. and A. japonica (Thunb.) ...

Human experience of temporal durations exhibits a multi-regional structure, with more or less distinct boundaries, or horizons, on the scale of physical duration. The inner horizons are imposed by perceptual thresholds for simultaneity (approximately equal to 3 ms) and temporal order (approximatly equal to 30 ms), and are determined by the dynamical properties of the neural substrate integratin...

This paper deals with frequency analysis of annular plates having a small core and guided edges at both inner and outer boundaries. Using classical plate theory the governing differential equation of motion for the annular plate having a small core is derived and solved for the case of plate being guided at inner and outer edge boundaries. The fundamental frequencies for the first six modes of ...

The KB-5 high pressure gas burners were popularly and widely used in Thailand. This research was aimed to study the influence of four significant parameters, namely degrees of outer and inner ports and the number of outer and inner ports of high pressure gas burners, to the thermal efficiency by the experiments. The thermal efficiency was tested with reference to the standard industrial stoves ...

Inner and outer hair cells were mechanically isolated from the guinea pig cochlea and subjected to stimuli known to induce shape changes in outer hair cells. Depolarization by 70 mM KCl which causes osmotic swelling of outer hair cells also swelled inner hair cells by approximately 8% of their volume. The application of the calcium ionophore ionomycin which induces cortical contractions and elo...

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the presence of leptin mRNA transcript in epididymal spermatozoa of Holstein cattle by RT-PCR analysis. Materials and Methods: To collect sperm from epididymis, the whole testes of three adult Holstein bulls were quickly removed after slaughtering. Samples were transferred to the laboratory on ice and subsequently the epididymal contents were c...