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1. Defensive inking behavior and gill withdrawal in ApIysia offer simple test systems in which the cellular and biophysial determinants of elementary behavioral acts can be examined. Since a good deal is known regarding both the behaviors and their underlying neural circuits, it is possible to compare directly these two defensive reflexes at the cellular level. 2. Both the ink and gill motor ne...

During the last couple of years several ink manufacturers have presented metal nano-particle inks for inkjet printing. These inks provide low resistances on plastic and paper substrates, thus enabling manufacturing of high-conductivity conductors that could be used in circuit boards. Inkjet printing of a commercial silver nano-particle ink on paper and plastic substrates has been investigated. ...

The MetallicArt technique is used as a visual security feature to hide patterns in CMY images using an additional silver ink. The patterns are hidden under nonspecular viewing conditions and visible under specular viewing conditions. By varying the amount of silver ink, the authors control the intensity of the specular reflection of the printed pattern. Using a spectral reflection prediction mo...

The mass digitization of books is changing the way information is created, disseminated and displayed. Electronic book readers (e-readers) generally refer to two main display technologies: the electronic ink (E-ink) and the liquid crystal display (LCD). Both technologies have advantages and disadvantages, but the question whether one or the other triggers less visual fatigue is still open. The ...

The color of prints is mainly determined by the light absorption of the inks deposited on top of paper. In order to predict the reflectance spectrum of prints, we use a spectral prediction model in which each ink is characterized by its spectral transmittance. In the present paper, we consider two classical reflectance prediction models: the Clapper-Yule model and the Williams-Clapper model. Th...

The Yule-Nielsen modified spectral Neugebauer model (YNSN) enables predicting reflectance spectra from ink surface coverages of halftones. In order to provide an improved prediction accuracy, this model is enhanced with an ink spreading model accounting for ink spreading in all superposition conditions (IS-YNSN). As any other spectral reflection prediction model, the IS-YNSN model is conceived ...

The paper presents an innovative approach to the spectral-based characterization of ink-jet color printers. Our objective was to design a color separation procedure based on a spectral model of the printer, managed here as an RGB device. The printer was a four-ink device, and we assumed that the driver always replaced the black completely when converting from RGB to CMYK amounts of ink. The col...

Background. Transrectal prostate biopsy is the standard protocol for the screening for prostate cancer. It helps to locate prostatic adenocarcinoma and plan treatment. However, the increasing number of prostate biopsies leads to considerably greater costs for the pathology laboratories. In this study, we compare the traditional method with an ink method in combination with a systematic histopat...

Different inks may have different mechanical and/or optical properties. Existing Yule-Nielsen modified Neugebauer spectral prediction models assume however that the inks forming a color halftone behave similarly, i.e. that a single n-factor can model the lateral propagation of light within the paper as well as non-uniformities of the ink dot thickness profiles. However, if the inks have very di...