BACKGROUND Variations in the branching of posterior cord are important during surgical approaches to the axilla and upper arm, administration of anesthetic blocks, interpreting effects of nervous compressions and in repair of plexus injuries. The patterns of branching show population differences. Data from the African population is scarce. OBJECTIVE To describe the branching pattern of the po...

BACKGROUND AND AIM Brachial plexus block by the highest point of the shoulder method may decrease the rate of complication in comparing with the vertical method because the needle is more lateral in the former. We aimed to investigate the highest point of the shoulder block technique against the vertical infraclavicular plexus method regarding the success rates and complications. PATIENTS AND...

introduction: the brachial plexus is responsible for the innervation to the upper limb and some parts of the thorax. variations in the branching of the brachial plexus are common and have been reported in 65.3% of the population. the variations (atypical communication) of brachial plexus have significant clinical and surgical importance. methods: in this study 10 upper limbs which belonged to 5...

A comparative study between anatomical landmark and nerve stimulator guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block for neurovascular variations in topographic anatomy of brachial plexus. In the backdrop of our country, nerve stimulator is still not available in many centres and many anesthetists do not yet have the proper expertise and experience in giving nerve stimulator guided brachial plexus...

atypical connections in the formation of the brachial plexus are prevalent and have been reported in different articles. the present report describes a case of variation of the median nerve observed in the iranian male cadaver during routine trial dissection. there are three roots for median nerve. median nerve is formed by joining two lateral and medial cords of brachial plexus. third root of ...

Background Magnesium sulfate and dexmedetomidine were used as adjuvants to local anesthesia to improve the quality of regional anesthesia. Aims The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the effects of magnesium sulfate and dexmedetomidine when added to ropivacaine on the quality of infraclavicular brachial plexus block (BPB). Settings and Design This was a prospective randomized doub...

Three-dimensional diffusion-weighted steady-state free precession (3D DW-SSFP) of high-resolution magnetic resonance has emerged as a promising method to visualize the peripheral nerves. In this study, the application value of 3D DW-SSFP brachial plexus imaging in the diagnosis of brachial plexus injury (BPI) was investigated. 33 patients with BPI were prospectively examined using 3D DW-SSFP MR...

Vertical infraclavicular brachial plexus block (VIP) as described by Kilka et al. in 1995 is becoming increasingly popular in Europe (1,2). It combines easily identifiable landmarks with a high rate of success, rapid onset of plexus blockade, no need for patient cooperation (a nerve stimulator is mandatory), and a good safety margin. Anesthesia of the hand, forearm, elbow, and upper arm, proxim...