The research presented in this paper aims at investigating factors that reflect Individual to Group (I-to-G) and Group to Individual (G-to-I) influences in a collaborative learning setting. An empirical study is described, in which students worked on concept mapping tasks, individually and in groups. Analysing the individual and group concept maps, specific factors were identified that account ...

Social Pressure Influences Decisions of Individuals: Evidence from the Behavior of Football Referees Analyzing the neutrality of referees during twelve German premier league (1st Bundesliga) football seasons, this paper documents evidence that social forces influence agents’ preferences and decisions. Those, who are appointed to be impartial, tend to favor the home team as they systematically a...

BACKGROUND Twin studies using both clinical and population-based samples suggest that the frequent co-occurrence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and reading ability/disability (RD) is largely driven by shared genetic influences. While both disorders are associated with lower IQ, recent twin data suggest that the shared genetic variability between reading difficulties and ADHD...

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is an umbrella term that incorporates a range of neurodevelopmental disorders which affect behaviour, emotion, and communication. In recent years, the effects dietary habits in individuals with ASD have been mentioned distinct correlation has observed between gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. We used Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) to evaluate whether we can ...

We present a model of contagion that unifies and generalizes existing models of the spread of social influences and microorganismal infections. Our model incorporates individual memory of exposure to a contagious entity (e.g. a rumor or disease), variable magnitudes of exposure (dose sizes), and heterogeneity in the susceptibility of individuals. Through analysis and simulation, we examine in d...

Advancement in communication technologies continues to fuel the growth of geographically distributed teams. Managers and team members have expressed concerns about negative impacts when individuals work at a distance from each other since such changes in work structure can affect social interactions among individuals in teams. The social relationships, shared experiences, and ongoing interperso...

ABSTRACT Individuals in their roles at work may have the opportunity to commit fraud. They also be a position witness occurrence of fraud workplace. In this study, we examine how individuals' prior decision influences subsequent whistleblow on another person when (1) is same team as them or (2) other committing same/different task they did. With two between-subject experiments, find that indivi...

Preparatory to an empirical analysis, this study conceptually discusses the influences of objective and subjective variables on the consideration of 16 travel-related strategies, reflecting a range of options individuals have to adapt to congestion. The variables considered here were measured by a 1998 survey conducted in the San Francisco Bay Area. The conceptual exploration shows that the con...

This chapter critically reviews brain proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS) studies performed since 1994 in individuals with alcohol use disorders (AUD). We describe the neurochemicals that can be measured in vivo at the most common magnetic field strengths, summarize our knowledge about their general brain functions, and briefly explain some basic human (1)H MRS methods. Both cross...