bioretention or rain garden is a preferable low impact development (lid) approach due to its characteristics which reflect natural water cycle processes. however, this system is still little understood and quite complicated in terms of design and implementation due to many technical considerations. hence, this paper gives a review of the challenges and developments for the use of bioretention f...

Wound healing is a multi-phased pathophysiological process requiring chemoattractant receptor-dependent accumulation of myeloid cells in the lesion. Two G protein-coupled formylpeptide receptors Fpr1 and Fpr2 mediate rapid neutrophil infiltration in the liver of Listeria-infected mice by sensing pathogen-derived chemotactic ligands. These receptors also recognize host-derived chemotactic peptid...

Water storage pit irrigation method is a new method used suitably in orchard irrigation in arid or semi-arid area. The use of this method not only can make roots deeper to have the capacity of drought resistance, but also can storage rain water and reduce soil erosion. However, its theory must be studied further. The varying head infiltration in single storage pit of homogeneous soil was tested...

Fatty infiltration in muscle is often observed in patients with sizable rotator cuff tear (RCT) and is thought to be an irreversible event that significantly compromises muscle plasticity and contraction strength. These changes in the mechanical properties of the affected muscle render surgical repair of RCT highly formidable. Therefore, it is important to learn more about the pathology of fatt...

Renal infiltration with leukaemic cells is a common finding in patients suffering with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) but rarely does it lead to significant renal dysfunction. Similarly, BK nephropathy is a recognized cause of graft failure in renal transplant recipients but rarely causes significant disease in native kidneys. In the few reports where leukaemic infiltration of the kidney h...

plant cover is one of the most important factors affecting infiltration rate of water into the soil and decreasing runoff. distribution of plants in arid and semi-arid areas is almost patchy and form different patterns. one of the fascinating patterns is ring-shaped growth pattern. ring patterns of varying size are formed by clonally reproducing grasses, sedges and even shrubs growing in resour...

Bulk (RE)–Ba–Cu–O ((RE)BCO, where RE stands for rare-earth), single grain superconductors can trap magnetic fields of several tesla at low temperatures and therefore can function potentially as high field magnets. Although top seeded melt growth (TSMG) is an established process for fabricating relatively high quality single grains of (RE)BCO for high field applications, this technique suffers f...

introduction: many patients suffer from mild, moderate or severe pain during or after root canal therapy. theoretically, post-operative pain control can be achieved by using long-acting local anesthetics. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a long acting anesthesia, bupivacaine, on preventing post-operative pain associated with endodontic treatment, and to compare it with lido...

background: neutrophil infiltration plays an important role in inflammatory reactions following spinal cord injury (sci) and these cells cause substantial secondary tissue damage. the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of oleuropein (oe) on myeloperoxidase (mpo) activity as an index of neutrophil infiltration. methods: rats were randomly divided into four groups of 7 rats each as...