Nomenclature β,γ(∈ S) = The gimbal and wheel angles. (rad) Rβ(∈ SO(3)) = Transformation from gimbal frame G to the spacecraft body frame B. Is = Spacecraft inertia without the CMG gimbal and wheel inertia. (kg.m) Ig, Ir = Gimbal frame inertia, wheel inertia about own centre of mass represented in gimbal frame. (kg.m) (Igr)β = Combined inertia of gimbal frame and wheel in the spacecraft frame. R...

In the standard PSO algorithm, each particle in swarm has the same inertia weight settings and its values decrease from generation to generation, which can induce the decreasing of population diversity. As a result, it may fall into the local optimum. Besides, the decreasing of weights values is restricted by the maximum evolutionary generation, which has an influence on the convergence speed a...

abstract the effect of weight and force is one of the most important factors to organize and perform reaction time (rt) tasks. the elderly are involved in this variable when they gain weight. the present study was designed to examine the effect of limb weight gain on premotor and motor components of simple and discriminative reaction time in young and elderly men. subjects (16 young and 16 elde...

Abstract Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), as a newly proposed swarm-based algorithm, has gradually become popular approach for optimization problems in various engineering fields. However, WOA suffers from the poor balance of exploration and exploitation, premature convergence. In this paper, new enhanced (EWOA), which adopts an improved dynamic opposite learning (IDOL) adaptive encircling p...

the constitutive relationships of the rubber materials that act as the main spring of a hydraulic engine mount are nonlinear. in addition to material induced nonlinearity, further nonlinearities may be introduced by mount geometry, turbulent fluid behavior, temperature, boundary conditions, decoupler action, and hysteretic behavior. in this research all influence the behavior of the system only...

Wind turbines can have inertia characteristics similar to synchronous generators through virtual control, which helps provide the support for system. However, there is problem of how coordinate allocation among wind turbines. In response this problem, paper first analyzes capabilities and puts forward an evaluation index that quantifies capability The a farm evaluated at entire system level. Ba...

Grid computing is a high performance computing environment to solve larger scale computational demands. Grid computing contains resource management, task scheduling, security problems, information management and so on. Task scheduling is a fundamental issue in achieving high performance in grid computing systems. A computational GRID is typically heterogeneous in the sense that it combines clus...

The swing speed of the bat is one of the most important factors affecting the hit-ball speed. Most field studies tend to focus on measuring ball speed, which is easier to measure and quantify than bat speed. For this reason, relatively little data exist describing bat motion in field conditions. The following describes a relatively large swing speed field study involving bats of the same model ...