background measuring health status by using standardized and validated instrument has become a growing concern over the past few decades throughout the developed and developing countries. the aim of the study was to investigate the overall self-reported health status along with potential inequalities by using euroqol 5 dimensions (eq-5d) instrument among low-income people of bangladesh.   me...

In this paper we derive new properties of extreme inequalities for infinite group problems. We develop tools to prove that given valid inequalities for the infinite group problem are extreme. These results show that integer infinite group problems have discontinuous extreme inequalities. These inequalities are strong when compared to related classes of continuous extreme inequalities. This give...

We derive the sharp constants for the inequalities on the Heisenberg group H whose analogues on Euclidean space R are the well known Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequalities. Only one special case had been known previously, due to Jerison-Lee more than twenty years ago. From these inequalities we obtain the sharp constants for their duals, which are the Sobolev inequalities for the Laplacian and c...

Any unconstrained information inequality in three or fewer random variables can be written as a linear combination of instances of Shannon’s inequality I(A;B|C) ≥ 0. Such inequalities are sometimes referred to as “Shannon” inequalities. In 1998, Zhang and Yeung gave the first example of a “nonShannon” information inequality in four variables. Their technique was to add two auxiliary variables w...

BACKGROUND Educational inequalities in total mortality in Norway have widened during 1960-2000. We wanted to investigate if inequalities have continued to increase in the post millennium decade, and which causes of deaths were the main drivers. METHODS All deaths (total and cause specific) in the adult Norwegian population aged 45-74 years over five decades, until 2010 were included; in all 7...

We present a framework for information inequalities, namely, inequalities involving only Shannon’s information measures, for discrete random variables. A region in IR2 1, denoted by , is identified to be the origin of all information inequalities involving n random variables in the sense that all such inequalities are partial characterizations of . A product from this framework is a simple calc...

The comb inequalities are a well-known class of facet-inducing inequalities for the Traveling Salesman Problem, defined in terms of certain vertex sets called the handle and the teeth. We say that a comb inequality is simple if the following holds for each tooth: either the intersection of the tooth with the handle has cardinality one, or the part of the tooth outside the handle has cardinality...

Probabilistic inequalities for independent random variables and martingales play a prominent role in many different areas of mathematical research, such as harmonic analysis, probability theory, Banach space geometry and the study of symmetric function spaces. In the recent years, many of these classical probabilistic inequalities have been generalized to the context of noncommutative Lp-spaces...