Mesacanthus is a common and speciose genus of acanthodian fish from Lower Old Red Sandstone and Middle Old Red Sandstone assemblages (representing the Lower Devonian and Middle Devonian respectively) and is well represented in many palaeoichthyology collections in the UK. Based upon descriptions given during the 19th century, specimens of the genus Mesacanthus from the Orcadian Basin and Midlan...

The ever-increasing demand for new energy sources witnessed at present is leading to a shortage of oil and gas resources throughout the world. At same time, polluting such as coal are being gradually replaced by gas, fuel types electricity produced renewable methods. Unconventional shale reserves, relying on presence substantial volumes good quality, thermally mature organic matter, therefore c...

Seismic post-stack inversion is one of the best techniques for effective reservoir characterization. This study intends to articulate application Model-Based Inversion (MBI) and Probabilistic Neural Networks (PNN) identification properties i.e. porosity estimation. MBI technique applied observe low impedance zone at porous formation. PNN a geostatistical that transforms volume into volume. Inve...

Levee breaches are some of the most common hazards in world and cause loss lives, livelihoods, property destruction. During 2010 flood Pakistan, devastating breach occurred at Tori on right bank Indus River, downstream Guddu Barrage, which caused residual floods northern Sindh adjoining regions Balochistan province. In this study, 2D unsteady flow modeling performed for computed inundation by c...