in this article, we suggested a novel design of polarization splitter based on coupler waveguide on inp substrate at 1.55mm wavelength. photonic crystal structure is consisted of two dimensional (2d) air holes embedded in inp/ingaasp material with an effective refractive index of 3.2634 which is arranged in a hexagonal lattice. the photonic band gap (pbg) of this structure is determined using t...

This paper presents an element of a 2×2-element array antenna for Inmarsat BGAN/GPS applications. The element is an axial mode printed quadrifilar helical antenna that has been integrated with a compact feed network to provide sequential phase rotation for circular polarization (CP) radiation. The novel integrated lumped-element feed network is designed to provide a balanced RF power to the fou...

This paper focused on the characterization of electrochemical behavior of a martensitic stainless steel in the acidic solutions. For this purpose, electrochemical parameters were derived from potentiodynamic polarization, Mott Schottky analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The potentiodynamic polarization results showed that corrosion current density of AISI 420 ...

In this paper, the effect of penicillin G benzathine (PGB) drug as a green corrosion inhibitor on mild steel in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid solution has been investigated using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The inhibition efficiency (IE) was found to increase with increasing inhibitor concentration. Potentiodynamic polarization measure...

A photonic crystal-based TE to TM polarization converter for integrated optical communication is proposed in this paper. The photonic crystal consists of air circular-holes in slab waveguide. The radius of holes are determined to be 291nm having lattice constant of 640nm using the gap map and band diagram. The polarization converter is composed of an InGaAsP triangular-shaped waveguide on SiO2 ...

the corrosion inhibition characteristics of two synthesized schiff bases, namely n, n´-bis(2-hydroxy-6-nitrobenzaldehyde) benzidine  and n, n´-bis(salysylaldehyde) benzidine, on the mild steel corrosion in 2.0 m hydrochloric acid have been investigated by weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. these studies were carried out at different ...

background & objectives: oral submucous fibrosis (osmf) is a condition where excessive deposition of dense collagen fibers occurred in the connective tissue of oral mucosa. an alteration of collagen necessitates an in depth understanding of collagen in oral tissues as no breakthrough studies have been reported. therefore the aim was to correlate the clinical, functional and histopathologica...

proton exchange membrane fuel cells (pemfcs) with a dead-ended anode and cathode can obtain high hydrogen and oxygen utilization by a comparatively simple system. nevertheless, the accumulation of the water in the anode and cathode channels might cause a local fuel starvation degrading the performance and durability of pemfcs. in this study, a brand new design for a polymer electrolyte membrane...

data transmission in optical systems and increased transmission distance capacity benefit by using optical amplification wavelength division multiplexing (wdm) technology. the combination of four waves (fwm) is a non-linear effect in the wavelength division multiplex (wdm), when more than two wavelengths of light in a fiber launch will occur. fwm amount depends on the channel, the channel spaci...

Anomalous spin Hall effects that belong to the intrinsic type in Dresselhaus (110) quantum wells are discussed. For the out-of-plane spin component, antisymmetric current-induced spin polarization induces opposite spin Hall accumulation, even though there is no spin-orbit force due to Dresselhaus (110) coupling. A surprising feature of this spin Hall induction is that the spin accumulation sign...