Objective(s):With regard to pharmacological effects of carvacrol on the respiratory system, its effect on cytokines genes expression in splenocytes of asthmatic mice was examined in this study. Materials and Methods:Splenocytes were isolated from non-sensitized (control group), sensitized mice to ovalbumin (OVA) (group S), and S animals treated with dexamethasone, and three concentrations of c...

Processing of antigens for presentation by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules requires the activity of the proteasome. The 20S proteasome complex is composed of 14 different subunits, 2 of which can be substituted by the interferon gamma (IFN-gamma)-inducible and MHC-encoded subunits LMP2 and LMP7 (low molecular mass poylpeptides 2 and 7). A third subunit, MECL-1, is induc...

BACKGROUND Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is an essential cytokine in the regulation of inflammatory responses in autoimmune diseases. Little is known about its role in inflammatory heart disease. METHODS AND RESULTS We showed that IFN-gamma receptor-deficient mice (IFN-gammaR(-/-)) on a BALB/c background immunized with a peptide derived from cardiac alpha-myosin heavy chain develop severe myoc...

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus that is able to persist for decades in its host. HCMV has evolved protean countermeasures for anti-HCMV cellular immunity that facilitate establishment of persistence. Recently it has been shown that HCMV inhibits interferon gamma (IFN-gamma)-stimulated MHC class II expression, but the mechanism for this effect is unknown. IFN-gamma signa...

A cDNA clone complementary to an interferon (IFN)-induced mRNA approximately 3 kb in length was identified and sequenced revealing homology with the endoplasmic reticular heat shock protein/ATPase gp96. Both IFN-alpha and -gamma transcriptionally upregulate expression of this gene. gp96 transcripts, protein, and ATPase activity are shown to be enhanced as a result of IFN treatment in two human ...

Interferons (IFNs) induce transcription of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I genes through the conserved IFN consensus sequence (ICS) that contains an IFN response motif shared by many IFN-regulated genes. By screening mouse lambda ZAP expression libraries with the ICS as a probe, we isolated a cDNA clone encoding a protein that binds the ICS, designated ICSBP. Protein blot analysi...

Interferon (IFN)-gamma and macrophages (Mphi) play key roles in acute, persistent, and latent murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection. IFN-gamma mechanisms were compared in embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and bone marrow Mphi (BMMphi). IFN-gamma inhibited MCMV replication in a signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-1alpha-dependent manner much more effectively in BMMphi (approxima...